Traditional nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture not only lead to low nitrogen use efficiency, but also cause a serious envi-ronmental problem. Whilst discussing here, for the first time, the production of an eco-friendly controlled-release ferti-lization composed of green-synthesized nano silver (M-AgNPs) obtained from Methane spicata leaf extract and Pseudomonas sp. as active ingredients and embedded in porous starch matrix. The nano particles and nano-bio fertilizer were characterized for their physicochemical properties by UV–visible spectroscopy and XRD analyses and thereby to ensure the successful synthesis, stability of the nano particle and crystalline nature of the same. A greenhouse pot experiment was carried out to examine the influence of PS+[PSE+M-AgNPs] with varying N application levels (100%, 50% and 25% of the recommended dose) on tomato growth, yield attributes and nitrogen use efficiency. Statistical analysis showed significant enhancements in plant height, leaf number, stem diameter, dry shoot and root biomass yield per plant, and branching occurred even with lower nitrogen inputs. Visualization of the heat map also indicated a clear interaction between treatment and nitrogen concentration. In conclusion, the findings indicate that the proposed nano-biofertilizer presents a promising approach for promoting tomato growth in addition to its nutrient-use efficiency and reduced nitrogen reliance; as such, it can serve as a sustainable alternative to conventional fertilisation.

Nano-biofertilizer, Silver Nanoparticles, Pseudomonas spp., Nitrogen Use Efficiency, Tomato Grown