Aquaculture is a rapidly growing food production sector, but its sustainability is challenged by the high cost and envi-ronmental impact of conventional fish feeds that depend largely on fishmeal and fish oil derived from wild-caught fish. This dependence increases pressure on marine ecosystems and raises feed costs. The present concept focuses on developing a low-cost and sustainable fish feed by incorporating algae-based ingredients along with insect-derived proteins and fermented agricultural by-products. Algae, particularly microalgae, are rich in essential proteins, fatty acids, vitamins, and minerals required for healthy fish growth and improved disease resistance. They can be cultivated rapidly using non-arable land, wastewater, and nutrient-rich waste streams, making them a renewable and scalable resource. The proposed feed aims to reduce reliance on wild fish stocks, lower production costs, and promote environmentally responsible aquaculture practices. Integration of algae cultivation with fish farming supports a circular and resource-efficient system by recycling waste streams for algal growth, thereby minimizing waste and maximizing resource use. Additionally, algae contribute to environmental sustainability by absorbing carbon dioxide and reducing the overall carbon footprint of aquaculture op-erations. Overall, the development of algae-based low-cost fish feed offers a promising solution for sustainable aqua-culture, economic benefits for fish farmers, and long-term food security.

Algae-based Fish Feed, Sustainable Aquaculture, Low-cost Feed, Circular Bioeconomy, Fishmeal Alternative, Algal Nutrition