The Head of the Laboratory for Pre-sowing Soil Preparation and Seeding Mechanization, Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
The article examines the improvement of the working process of a two-track mounted harrowing unit designed to improve the quality of surface soil tillage and reduce operational costs. The main shortcomings of two-track tooth harrows used under the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are analyzed, including the need to periodically stop the unit for manual removal of weeds and plant residues from the working bodies, increased labor requirements, difficulties in transportation from one field to another, low maneuverability, and large overall dimensions. To eliminate these shortcomings, a two-track mounted harrowing unit has been developed, consisting of a frame, a three-point hitch, tooth harrows connected to the frame by chain links, support skids, and track loosening devices. The track loosener includes a loosening tine and disk levellers mounted on the frame by means of a parallelogram mechanism. Based on the laws and principles of agricultural mechanics, theoretical studies were conducted on the interaction of the disk levellers with the soil, and their main structural and technological parameters were substantiated. It was established that, to ensure the required levelling of the soil surface, the diameter of the disk levellers should be at least 21 cm, the working width should be 12 cm, the installation angle relative to the direction of travel should be 37°, the radius of curvature of the working surface should be 32 cm, and the distance between the disks should be 26 cm. The obtained results can be used in the development, design, and manufacture of two-track mounted harrowing units.
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
To ensure the required quality of work under the conditions of our republic, ridge formation across all areas is carried out using a two-pass method—specifically, by employing spike-tooth harrows arranged in two rows
[1]
Model Technological Maps for the Care and Production of Agricultural Crops for 2022–2026. Part 1. Tashkent, 2022. 545 p.
[1]
. The harrowing units consist of two rows of harrows coupled to the towing equipment. However, such harrowing units suffer from the following serious drawbacks:
1) To clear weeds and crop residues stuck in the harrows, the unit is stopped and cleaned manually. Two to four additional workers are assigned to each unit for this purpose. According to the Center for Certification and Testing of Agricultural Machinery and Technologies (CCTTSS), the time spent clearing crop residues and weeds from the harrows accounts for 30% of the shift time.
[2]
ten Damme, L., Schjønning, P., Munkholm, L. J., Green, O., Nielsen, S. K., Lamandé, M. Soil structure response to field traffic: Effects of traction and repeated wheeling // Soil and Tillage Research. 2021. Vol. 213. Article 105128.
Obour, P. B., Ugarte, C. M. A meta-analysis of the impact of traffic-induced compaction on soil physical properties and grain yield // Soil and Tillage Research. 2021. Vol. 211. Article 105019.
2) To move from one field to another, the unit is disassembled, transported using additional vehicles, and reassembled. According to KHTTSSM data, this process requires 4.5 man-hours
[2]
ten Damme, L., Schjønning, P., Munkholm, L. J., Green, O., Nielsen, S. K., Lamandé, M. Soil structure response to field traffic: Effects of traction and repeated wheeling // Soil and Tillage Research. 2021. Vol. 213. Article 105128.
Obour, P. B., Ugarte, C. M. A meta-analysis of the impact of traffic-induced compaction on soil physical properties and grain yield // Soil and Tillage Research. 2021. Vol. 211. Article 105019.
3) Two-track harrows have poor maneuverability, are inconvenient to operate, and are bulky.
All this leads to reduced productivity and work quality of harrowing units, as well as increased fuel consumption and higher labor and other costs.
To overcome the aforementioned drawbacks, improve performance and crop yields, and reduce energy and material consumption, a mounted two-pass harrow unit has been developed.
[4]
Bababekov, U. D. Substantiation of the Working Bodies and Parameters of a Two-Track Harrowing Unit: PhD Dissertation in Technical Sciences. Gulistan, 2024. 141 p.
[4]
.
It is equipped with a mounted unit comprising a frame and spike-tooth harrows connected to it by chains. Mounted on the frame are support skids—which maintain the unit at a set height above the field surface—and working elements for loosening the soil in tractor wheel tracks (i.e., track looseners). These track looseners consist of a scraper-type loosening tine and disc levelers, connected to the harrow unit's frame via a parallelogram mechanism.
During the operation of a dual-pass harrowing unit, track looseners break up the soil compacted by the tractor wheels using a loosening tine, while disc levelers smooth out the irregularities created by the loosening tine.
This article presents the results of theoretical studies aimed at substantiating the parameters of the disc levelers for the track loosener of a newly developed mounted double-track harrowing unit.
2. Literature Review
An analysis of scientific and technical literature indicates that the issue of loosening soil within wheel tracks is addressed by many researchers. Researchers abroad
[5]
US Patent No. 4228861. Folding Track Removing Implement / Thomas E. Hart. 1980. pp. 1–9.
[5]
propose using C-shaped and S-shaped tines to loosen the soil in the wheel tracks. However, their main drawback is the failure to level the soil surface in the loosened zone, which negatively affects the quality of subsequent sowing.
The design according to Inventor's Certificate No. AS1532017
[6]
Author’s Certificate No. 1532017. Device for Cleaning and Filling Tracks of Machine-Tractor Units / V. V. Katsigin, S. F. Opeyko, V. A. Kolos // Bulletin of Inventions. 1989. No. 48.
[6]
incorporates working elements for cutting furrows ahead of the front wheel, as well as devices for loosening and backfilling the furrow left by the wheel behind the rear wheels. Despite the complexity of its action, this unit is characterized by high material and energy intensity.
The design developed by V.V. Mizkov et al.
[7]
Author’s Certificate No. 1093271. Track Loosener / V. V. Mizkov, Yu. N. Kolesnikov, Yu. S. Mukhin, Yu. M. Kolosov, E. D. Afonin, Yu. N. Sokolovsky // Bulletin of Inventions. 1984. No. 19.
[7]
features a device equipped with rippers and a V-shaped leveler mounted on hinges with elastic elements. A drawback of this system is the significant difference in density between the tilled and undisturbed soil layers, which hinders the development of a deep root system.
Research by Yu. A. Savelyev et al.
[8]
Russian Patent No. 2142681. Track Loosener / Yu. A. Savelyev, A. V. Klimanov, S. N. Mokritsky. 1999. pp. 1–4.
[8]
proposes a design in which rippers and blades are arranged in a staggered pattern. Despite the attempt to improve soil pulverization, the authors note inadequate tillage quality and the displacement of large clods to the surface.
The design covered by Patent No. AS2282958
[9]
Russian Patent No. 2282958. Track Loosener / Yu. A. Savelyev, S. N. Mokritsky, M. R. Fatkhutdinov // Bulletin of Inventions. 2006. No. 25.
[9]
features a two-row arrangement of rippers and a gang of disc blades. Analysis of this configuration indicates that the soil does not achieve optimal density after processing, and the vertical blades contribute to the accumulation of large clods in front of the rippers.
The device proposed by R. M. Musin
[10]
Russian Patent No. 2516359. Track Loosener / R. M. Musin, I. Yu. Savelyeva, M. R. Fatkhutdinov // Bulletin of Inventions. 2014. No. 14.
[10]
comprises rippers with shanks arranged in two tiers, as well as disc gangs. The main drawback of this design is its tendency to become clogged with crop residues and weed roots, which reduces process quality and increases energy consumption.
The design proposed by A. P. Shadrin
[11]
Russian Patent No. 2130701. Track Loosener / A. P. Shadrin. 1999.
[11]
features an adjustable mounting system for the working element sections. However, experimental data indicate that the passage of the ripper results in the formation of large clods, which increase the overall resistance of the implement.
3. Analysis of Methods for Mitigating Soil Compaction
Study
[12]
Russian Patent No. 2268562. Method for Combating Soil Compaction Caused by Agricultural Tractor Running Gear / Yu. A. Savelyev // Bulletin of Inventions. 2006. No. 03.
[12]
proposes a mitigation method in which rippers are installed both ahead of the running gear (for preliminary loosening) and behind it (for final loosening of the compacted zone). This reduces the depth of compaction propagation and improves the degree of soil fragmentation. This dual-action principle is considered promising.
The design developed by M. U. Kaipov
[13]
Uzbekistan Patent No. 00120. Tractor Track Cleaner / R. I. Baymetov, A. Tukhtakuziev, A. S. Dadabaev, M. U. Kaipov // Official Bulletin. 2001. No. 5.
[13]
focuses on adjusting the working elements to match the tractor's track width. Its drawbacks include reduced tractor functionality due to a rigid connection to the hitch linkages, as well as the formation of surface irregularities after the pass, which negatively affects subsequent sowing operations.
4. Materials and Methods
The track loosener design comprises a sweep positioned within the tractor track and two discs for the lateral displacement of soil (Figure 1). Principles of agricultural mechanics regarding crop residue cutting and the geometry of a penetrating disc
[14]
Subasinghe, L. U., Elangasinghe, A., Fernando, P., Colombage, J., Perera, S. A Theoretical Model to Analyze the Draft Force and Power Requirement of a Tillage Implement Consisting of Both a Disc Plough and a Subsoiler. 2023.
[15]
Gritsenko, O., Stepanenko, S. Application of the Theory of Dimensions and Similarity to Determine the Parameters and Operation Modes of an Asymmetrical Disk Harrow for Soil Processing // Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC. 2023. No. 4(123). pp. 62–70.
Tarasenko, B. F., Kuzmin, V. V., Troyanovskaya, I., Partko, S. A., et al. Harrow with Turning Disc Section // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 1. pp. 10–20.
Ozherelev, V. N., Nikitin, V. V. Improving the Design of the Disc Harrow for Berry Plantations // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 2. pp. 219–236.
Trevini, M., Tosti, G., Benincasa, P. Agronomic Performance of Disc Chain Harrow as a Conservation Agriculture Tool for a One-Step Cover Crop Termination and Seedbed Preparation // Experimental Agriculture. 2024. Vol. 60. Article e12.
Hrytsenko, O. P., Stepanenko, S. P. Modeling the Operation of an Asymmetric Disc Harrow for Soil Cultivation // Colloquium-journal. 2024. No. 27(220).
[20]
Hamid, A. A. A. Performance of Heavy Disc Harrow Offset in Medium Texture Soil // Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences. 2024. Vol. 15, No. 3. pp. 111–118.
Ergashev, M. M. Substantiation of the Parameters of Disc Loosening Tools of a Combined Harrow: Abstract of the Dissertation for the Degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences. Tashkent, 2018. 40 p.
[14-21]
are applied. The initial parameters are as follows: crop residue diameter d = 0.02 m; disc penetration depth h = 0.05 m; friction angles φ₁ = 30° and φ₂ = 40°; soil spreading width of the sweep bᵤ = 0.12 m; clearance angle ε = 3°; and sharpening angle i = 20°. Angular values are expressed in degrees, and linear dimensions in meters.
The minimum diameter, based on the condition of severing plant residues at the selected friction angles, is estimated using the expression
[14]
Subasinghe, L. U., Elangasinghe, A., Fernando, P., Colombage, J., Perera, S. A Theoretical Model to Analyze the Draft Force and Power Requirement of a Tillage Implement Consisting of Both a Disc Plough and a Subsoiler. 2023.
[15]
Gritsenko, O., Stepanenko, S. Application of the Theory of Dimensions and Similarity to Determine the Parameters and Operation Modes of an Asymmetrical Disk Harrow for Soil Processing // Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC. 2023. No. 4(123). pp. 62–70.
Tarasenko, B. F., Kuzmin, V. V., Troyanovskaya, I., Partko, S. A., et al. Harrow with Turning Disc Section // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 1. pp. 10–20.
Ozherelev, V. N., Nikitin, V. V. Improving the Design of the Disc Harrow for Berry Plantations // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 2. pp. 219–236.
Trevini, M., Tosti, G., Benincasa, P. Agronomic Performance of Disc Chain Harrow as a Conservation Agriculture Tool for a One-Step Cover Crop Termination and Seedbed Preparation // Experimental Agriculture. 2024. Vol. 60. Article e12.
Hrytsenko, O. P., Stepanenko, S. P. Modeling the Operation of an Asymmetric Disc Harrow for Soil Cultivation // Colloquium-journal. 2024. No. 27(220).
[14-19]
:
(1)
Here, φ1 and φ2 are the friction angles of plant residues against the blade and the soil surface, respectively. The working width of the disk, bd, must be no less than the soil spreading width, bᵤ:
(2)
For a partially submerged disk, the geometric width of cut at an angle α to the direction of motion is equal to
[15]
Gritsenko, O., Stepanenko, S. Application of the Theory of Dimensions and Similarity to Determine the Parameters and Operation Modes of an Asymmetrical Disk Harrow for Soil Processing // Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC. 2023. No. 4(123). pp. 62–70.
Tarasenko, B. F., Kuzmin, V. V., Troyanovskaya, I., Partko, S. A., et al. Harrow with Turning Disc Section // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 1. pp. 10–20.
Ozherelev, V. N., Nikitin, V. V. Improving the Design of the Disc Harrow for Berry Plantations // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 2. pp. 219–236.
Trevini, M., Tosti, G., Benincasa, P. Agronomic Performance of Disc Chain Harrow as a Conservation Agriculture Tool for a One-Step Cover Crop Termination and Seedbed Preparation // Experimental Agriculture. 2024. Vol. 60. Article e12.
Hrytsenko, O. P., Stepanenko, S. P. Modeling the Operation of an Asymmetric Disc Harrow for Soil Cultivation // Colloquium-journal. 2024. No. 27(220).
[20]
Hamid, A. A. A. Performance of Heavy Disc Harrow Offset in Medium Texture Soil // Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences. 2024. Vol. 15, No. 3. pp. 111–118.
Substituting (3) into condition (2) yields the minimum permissible angle; the expression is applicable when D > h and bᵤ ≤ 2√[h(D−h)]:
(4)
To evaluate the curvature of the working surface, the half-arc angle φₑ, the clearance angle ε, and the sharpening angle i were used
[15]
Gritsenko, O., Stepanenko, S. Application of the Theory of Dimensions and Similarity to Determine the Parameters and Operation Modes of an Asymmetrical Disk Harrow for Soil Processing // Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC. 2023. No. 4(123). pp. 62–70.
Tarasenko, B. F., Kuzmin, V. V., Troyanovskaya, I., Partko, S. A., et al. Harrow with Turning Disc Section // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 1. pp. 10–20.
Ozherelev, V. N., Nikitin, V. V. Improving the Design of the Disc Harrow for Berry Plantations // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 2. pp. 219–236.
Trevini, M., Tosti, G., Benincasa, P. Agronomic Performance of Disc Chain Harrow as a Conservation Agriculture Tool for a One-Step Cover Crop Termination and Seedbed Preparation // Experimental Agriculture. 2024. Vol. 60. Article e12.
Hrytsenko, O. P., Stepanenko, S. P. Modeling the Operation of an Asymmetric Disc Harrow for Soil Cultivation // Colloquium-journal. 2024. No. 27(220).
[15-19]
:
(5)
(6)
The transverse distance between the discs B is determined taking into account the width of the share b and the width of the layer displaced by it:
(7)
In the scheme under consideration, the sweep width *b* is treated as a parameter. The value *B* = 0.26 m corresponds to *b* = 0.14 m; for a different sweep width *B*, a recalculation is required. All trigonometric functions in the calculation were evaluated using values converted from degrees to radians.
5. Results
According to formula (1), the minimum diameter is 0.1928 m. The adopted design diameter of 0.21 m satisfies the cutting condition; however, at α = 37°, formula (3) yields b_d = 0.1077 m, which is less than the required 0.12 m. Increasing the angle to 42.2° with D = 0.21 m ensures a capture width of approximately 0.120 m. Another option maintains α = 37° and increases D to 0.25 m, resulting in b_d = 0.1204 m. These calculations are presented in Table 1.
Table 1. Internally consistent calculated parameters of the disc levelers.
Option
Diameter D, m
Angle α, °
Working width bd, m
Radius R, m
А
0,21
42,2
0,120
0,261
Б
0,25
37,0
0,1204
0,363
Note. The radius R is calculated using formulas (5) and (6); its value depends on the selected setting angle. For both variants, the distance between the discs is B = b + 0.12 m.
Figure 1. Diagram of the track loosener and geometric parameters of the discs.
6. Discussion
The resulting options demonstrate that the diameter and the installation angle must be determined in conjunction. At D = 0.21 m, an angle of α = 37° does not provide coverage for the width bᵤ = 0.12 m. To maintain the 37° angle, the calculation requires a diameter D of at least 0.249 m; a value of D = 0.25 m is adopted in Table 1. Changing the diameter also alters the radius of curvature of the working surface, as calculated using formulas (5) and (6).
Relationships (1)–(7) describe the geometric compatibility of the parameters but do not account for soil moisture and particle-size distribution, implement speed, edge wear, draft resistance, or the variation in crop residue thickness. The next step involves fabricating working elements with the selected dimensions and measuring ridge height, soil density (before and after the pass), the proportion of uncut residues, and specific resistance. Without such measurements, it cannot be asserted that any of the variants improves performance quality or reduces energy consumption.
7. Conclusions
Based on the initial conditions, the calculated minimum disc diameter is 0.193 m. Geometrically compatible configurations include, for instance, D = 0.21 m at α ≥ 42.2° and D = 0.25 m at α = 37°. For the latter option, the calculated radius of curvature of the working surface is approximately 0.363 m. The inter-disc spacing should be determined after measuring the width of the tine, using the formula B = b + 0.12 m. This result reflects theoretical conditions and requires experimental verification.
Ermatov Valijon Abdivaitovich: Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal Analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft
Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
References
[1]
Model Technological Maps for the Care and Production of Agricultural Crops for 2022–2026. Part 1. Tashkent, 2022. 545 p.
[2]
ten Damme, L., Schjønning, P., Munkholm, L. J., Green, O., Nielsen, S. K., Lamandé, M. Soil structure response to field traffic: Effects of traction and repeated wheeling // Soil and Tillage Research. 2021. Vol. 213. Article 105128.
Obour, P. B., Ugarte, C. M. A meta-analysis of the impact of traffic-induced compaction on soil physical properties and grain yield // Soil and Tillage Research. 2021. Vol. 211. Article 105019.
Bababekov, U. D. Substantiation of the Working Bodies and Parameters of a Two-Track Harrowing Unit: PhD Dissertation in Technical Sciences. Gulistan, 2024. 141 p.
[5]
US Patent No. 4228861. Folding Track Removing Implement / Thomas E. Hart. 1980. pp. 1–9.
[6]
Author’s Certificate No. 1532017. Device for Cleaning and Filling Tracks of Machine-Tractor Units / V. V. Katsigin, S. F. Opeyko, V. A. Kolos // Bulletin of Inventions. 1989. No. 48.
[7]
Author’s Certificate No. 1093271. Track Loosener / V. V. Mizkov, Yu. N. Kolesnikov, Yu. S. Mukhin, Yu. M. Kolosov, E. D. Afonin, Yu. N. Sokolovsky // Bulletin of Inventions. 1984. No. 19.
[8]
Russian Patent No. 2142681. Track Loosener / Yu. A. Savelyev, A. V. Klimanov, S. N. Mokritsky. 1999. pp. 1–4.
[9]
Russian Patent No. 2282958. Track Loosener / Yu. A. Savelyev, S. N. Mokritsky, M. R. Fatkhutdinov // Bulletin of Inventions. 2006. No. 25.
[10]
Russian Patent No. 2516359. Track Loosener / R. M. Musin, I. Yu. Savelyeva, M. R. Fatkhutdinov // Bulletin of Inventions. 2014. No. 14.
[11]
Russian Patent No. 2130701. Track Loosener / A. P. Shadrin. 1999.
[12]
Russian Patent No. 2268562. Method for Combating Soil Compaction Caused by Agricultural Tractor Running Gear / Yu. A. Savelyev // Bulletin of Inventions. 2006. No. 03.
[13]
Uzbekistan Patent No. 00120. Tractor Track Cleaner / R. I. Baymetov, A. Tukhtakuziev, A. S. Dadabaev, M. U. Kaipov // Official Bulletin. 2001. No. 5.
[14]
Subasinghe, L. U., Elangasinghe, A., Fernando, P., Colombage, J., Perera, S. A Theoretical Model to Analyze the Draft Force and Power Requirement of a Tillage Implement Consisting of Both a Disc Plough and a Subsoiler. 2023.
[15]
Gritsenko, O., Stepanenko, S. Application of the Theory of Dimensions and Similarity to Determine the Parameters and Operation Modes of an Asymmetrical Disk Harrow for Soil Processing // Engineering, Energy, Transport AIC. 2023. No. 4(123). pp. 62–70.
Tarasenko, B. F., Kuzmin, V. V., Troyanovskaya, I., Partko, S. A., et al. Harrow with Turning Disc Section // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 1. pp. 10–20.
Ozherelev, V. N., Nikitin, V. V. Improving the Design of the Disc Harrow for Berry Plantations // Engineering Technologies and Systems. 2023. Vol. 33, No. 2. pp. 219–236.
Trevini, M., Tosti, G., Benincasa, P. Agronomic Performance of Disc Chain Harrow as a Conservation Agriculture Tool for a One-Step Cover Crop Termination and Seedbed Preparation // Experimental Agriculture. 2024. Vol. 60. Article e12.
Hrytsenko, O. P., Stepanenko, S. P. Modeling the Operation of an Asymmetric Disc Harrow for Soil Cultivation // Colloquium-journal. 2024. No. 27(220).
[20]
Hamid, A. A. A. Performance of Heavy Disc Harrow Offset in Medium Texture Soil // Kirkuk University Journal for Agricultural Sciences. 2024. Vol. 15, No. 3. pp. 111–118.
Ergashev, M. M. Substantiation of the Parameters of Disc Loosening Tools of a Combined Harrow: Abstract of the Dissertation for the Degree of Candidate of Technical Sciences. Tashkent, 2018. 40 p.
Tukhtakuziyev, A., o‘g‘li, O. M. F., Abdivaitovich, E. V. (2026). Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow. Applied Engineering, 10(2), 31-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
Tukhtakuziyev, A.; o‘g‘li, O. M. F.; Abdivaitovich, E. V. Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow. Appl. Eng.2026, 10(2), 31-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
Tukhtakuziyev A, o‘g‘li OMF, Abdivaitovich EV. Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow. Appl Eng. 2026;10(2):31-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
@article{10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12,
author = {Abdusalim Tukhtakuziyev and Otaboyev Mukhammad Fakhriddin o‘g‘li and Ermatov Valijon Abdivaitovich},
title = {Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow},
journal = {Applied Engineering},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {31-35},
doi = {10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ae.20261002.12},
abstract = {The article examines the improvement of the working process of a two-track mounted harrowing unit designed to improve the quality of surface soil tillage and reduce operational costs. The main shortcomings of two-track tooth harrows used under the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are analyzed, including the need to periodically stop the unit for manual removal of weeds and plant residues from the working bodies, increased labor requirements, difficulties in transportation from one field to another, low maneuverability, and large overall dimensions. To eliminate these shortcomings, a two-track mounted harrowing unit has been developed, consisting of a frame, a three-point hitch, tooth harrows connected to the frame by chain links, support skids, and track loosening devices. The track loosener includes a loosening tine and disk levellers mounted on the frame by means of a parallelogram mechanism. Based on the laws and principles of agricultural mechanics, theoretical studies were conducted on the interaction of the disk levellers with the soil, and their main structural and technological parameters were substantiated. It was established that, to ensure the required levelling of the soil surface, the diameter of the disk levellers should be at least 21 cm, the working width should be 12 cm, the installation angle relative to the direction of travel should be 37°, the radius of curvature of the working surface should be 32 cm, and the distance between the disks should be 26 cm. The obtained results can be used in the development, design, and manufacture of two-track mounted harrowing units.},
year = {2026}
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow
AU - Abdusalim Tukhtakuziyev
AU - Otaboyev Mukhammad Fakhriddin o‘g‘li
AU - Ermatov Valijon Abdivaitovich
Y1 - 2026/10/31
PY - 2026
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
T2 - Applied Engineering
JF - Applied Engineering
JO - Applied Engineering
SP - 31
EP - 35
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2994-7456
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
AB - The article examines the improvement of the working process of a two-track mounted harrowing unit designed to improve the quality of surface soil tillage and reduce operational costs. The main shortcomings of two-track tooth harrows used under the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are analyzed, including the need to periodically stop the unit for manual removal of weeds and plant residues from the working bodies, increased labor requirements, difficulties in transportation from one field to another, low maneuverability, and large overall dimensions. To eliminate these shortcomings, a two-track mounted harrowing unit has been developed, consisting of a frame, a three-point hitch, tooth harrows connected to the frame by chain links, support skids, and track loosening devices. The track loosener includes a loosening tine and disk levellers mounted on the frame by means of a parallelogram mechanism. Based on the laws and principles of agricultural mechanics, theoretical studies were conducted on the interaction of the disk levellers with the soil, and their main structural and technological parameters were substantiated. It was established that, to ensure the required levelling of the soil surface, the diameter of the disk levellers should be at least 21 cm, the working width should be 12 cm, the installation angle relative to the direction of travel should be 37°, the radius of curvature of the working surface should be 32 cm, and the distance between the disks should be 26 cm. The obtained results can be used in the development, design, and manufacture of two-track mounted harrowing units.
VL - 10
IS - 2
ER -
The Head of the Laboratory for Pre-sowing Soil Preparation and Seeding Mechanization, Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Biography:
Abdusalim Tukhtakuziyev is a Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Laboratory for Pre-sowing Soil Preparation and Seeding Mechanization, Research Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Uzbekistan. His scientific research has primarily focused on agricultural machinery, soil tillage and pre-sowing soil preparation, the development and improvement of working bodies of agricultural implements, and the mechanization of agricultural production. He has participated in the development of various agricultural machines and working mechanisms and is listed as an inventor or co-inventor of several agricultural machinery patents.
Research Fields:
Agricultural Engineering; Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization; Soil Tillage Machinery; Agricultural Machine Design; Mechanization of Viticulture; Working Bodies of Agricultural Machines; Soil–Machine Interaction; Agricultural Technology and Machinery Optimization
The Department of Agricultural Product Processing Technologies, Gulistan State University, Gulistan, Uzbekistan
Biography:
Otaboyev Mukhammad Fakhriddin o‘g‘li is Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Product Processing Technologies, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan. His academic and professional activities are mainly focused on electrical power engineering, power transmission systems, monitoring of overhead power lines, energy efficiency, and the development of modern approaches to electrical power systems.
Research Fields:
Electrical Power Engineering; Electric Power Systems; Power Transmission Systems; Overhead Power Lines; Power Quality; Energy Efficiency; Electrical Network Reliability; Intelligent Monitoring of Power Infrastructure; Digital Technologies in Power Engineering
The Department of Agricultural Product Processing Technologies, Gulistan State University, Gulistan, Uzbekistan
Biography:
Ermatov Valijon Abdivaitovich is Senior Lecturer, Department of Agricultural Product Processing Technologies, Gulistan State University, Uzbekistan. His academic and research activities are primarily related to agricultural and reclamation machinery, mechanization of agricultural operations, agricultural machinery design, and the improvement of technological processes in agriculture. He has conducted research on the development and improvement of machinery used in viticulture and agricultural production.
Research Fields:
Agricultural Engineering; Agricultural Machinery and Mechanization; Agricultural and Reclamation Machinery; Mechanization of Viticulture; Rotary Working Bodies; Soil–Machine Interaction; Vineyard Machinery; Agricultural Machinery Design; Agricultural Technology; Optimization of Machine Parameters
Tukhtakuziyev, A., o‘g‘li, O. M. F., Abdivaitovich, E. V. (2026). Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow. Applied Engineering, 10(2), 31-35. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
Tukhtakuziyev, A.; o‘g‘li, O. M. F.; Abdivaitovich, E. V. Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow. Appl. Eng.2026, 10(2), 31-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
Tukhtakuziyev A, o‘g‘li OMF, Abdivaitovich EV. Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow. Appl Eng. 2026;10(2):31-35. doi: 10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
@article{10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12,
author = {Abdusalim Tukhtakuziyev and Otaboyev Mukhammad Fakhriddin o‘g‘li and Ermatov Valijon Abdivaitovich},
title = {Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow},
journal = {Applied Engineering},
volume = {10},
number = {2},
pages = {31-35},
doi = {10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ae.20261002.12},
abstract = {The article examines the improvement of the working process of a two-track mounted harrowing unit designed to improve the quality of surface soil tillage and reduce operational costs. The main shortcomings of two-track tooth harrows used under the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are analyzed, including the need to periodically stop the unit for manual removal of weeds and plant residues from the working bodies, increased labor requirements, difficulties in transportation from one field to another, low maneuverability, and large overall dimensions. To eliminate these shortcomings, a two-track mounted harrowing unit has been developed, consisting of a frame, a three-point hitch, tooth harrows connected to the frame by chain links, support skids, and track loosening devices. The track loosener includes a loosening tine and disk levellers mounted on the frame by means of a parallelogram mechanism. Based on the laws and principles of agricultural mechanics, theoretical studies were conducted on the interaction of the disk levellers with the soil, and their main structural and technological parameters were substantiated. It was established that, to ensure the required levelling of the soil surface, the diameter of the disk levellers should be at least 21 cm, the working width should be 12 cm, the installation angle relative to the direction of travel should be 37°, the radius of curvature of the working surface should be 32 cm, and the distance between the disks should be 26 cm. The obtained results can be used in the development, design, and manufacture of two-track mounted harrowing units.},
year = {2026}
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Design Parameters of Disc Levellers for the Track Loosener of a Two Pass Mounted Harrow
AU - Abdusalim Tukhtakuziyev
AU - Otaboyev Mukhammad Fakhriddin o‘g‘li
AU - Ermatov Valijon Abdivaitovich
Y1 - 2026/10/31
PY - 2026
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
DO - 10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
T2 - Applied Engineering
JF - Applied Engineering
JO - Applied Engineering
SP - 31
EP - 35
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2994-7456
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ae.20261002.12
AB - The article examines the improvement of the working process of a two-track mounted harrowing unit designed to improve the quality of surface soil tillage and reduce operational costs. The main shortcomings of two-track tooth harrows used under the conditions of the Republic of Uzbekistan are analyzed, including the need to periodically stop the unit for manual removal of weeds and plant residues from the working bodies, increased labor requirements, difficulties in transportation from one field to another, low maneuverability, and large overall dimensions. To eliminate these shortcomings, a two-track mounted harrowing unit has been developed, consisting of a frame, a three-point hitch, tooth harrows connected to the frame by chain links, support skids, and track loosening devices. The track loosener includes a loosening tine and disk levellers mounted on the frame by means of a parallelogram mechanism. Based on the laws and principles of agricultural mechanics, theoretical studies were conducted on the interaction of the disk levellers with the soil, and their main structural and technological parameters were substantiated. It was established that, to ensure the required levelling of the soil surface, the diameter of the disk levellers should be at least 21 cm, the working width should be 12 cm, the installation angle relative to the direction of travel should be 37°, the radius of curvature of the working surface should be 32 cm, and the distance between the disks should be 26 cm. The obtained results can be used in the development, design, and manufacture of two-track mounted harrowing units.
VL - 10
IS - 2
ER -
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