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Personal Protective Practices Against Mosquito Bites by Undergraduate Students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, North Central Nigeria

Received: 27 May 2017     Accepted: 23 August 2017     Published: 19 September 2017
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Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases are of public health significance in Makurdi, Nigeria. Investigations on the protective practices against mosquito bites among Undergraduate students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi were conducted from January to April, 2016. Data was collected from a total of 300 students across the University hostels and private accommodation around the campus using structured questionnaires. Of the 300 students interviewed, 171 (57%) were males while 129 (43%) were females, and all of them (100%) had used one or more forms of the protective practices against mosquito bites. The age group 15-25 years had the highest number of responses (67%) while age group 35-45 years recorded the least number of responses (0.7%) respectively. The responses were significantly dependent on the age and sex of respondents (χ2 = 47.247, df = 3, P > 0.05). The use of window nets as protection against mosquito bites recorded the highest frequency 233/300(77.7%) while the use of mosquito weeds as repellents had the least number of respondents 2/300(0.7%) respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between male and female respondents. Similarly, the responses varied significantly (P < 0.05) across the age groups. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the level of effectiveness of the protective measures used among the students. The use of window and door nets, insecticide treated nets and insecticidal sprays were the most commonly used protection against mosquito bites. The fact that a large population of the respondents had used at least one control measure or the other against mosquito bites provided evidence for high rate of mosquito bites in the University community. It is recommended that Insecticide Treated Nets should be distributed free to the students on seasonal basis and proper environmental sanitation should be encouraged to destroy mosquito breeding sites in the community.

Published in American Journal of Entomology (Volume 1, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11
Page(s) 27-30
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Mosquito Bites, Mosquito-Borne Diseases, Protection Practices, Makurdi, Nigeria

References
[1] M. A. Olufemi, B. A. Olayemi, C. A. Ndubuisi, R. Tolulope, and J. Olusola (2008). Protection Practices against Mosquitoes among Students of a Tertiary Institution in Southwest Nigeria. World Applied Sciences Journals, 5(1): 25-28.
[2] M. W. Service (2012). Medical Entomology for Students, 5th edn, Cambridge University Press, New York. 303Pp.
[3] M. M. Manyi, C. G. Vajime, and G. N. Imandeh (2014). Seasonal Changes of Microfilarial Infection and Infectivity Rates in Mosquito Populations within Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. International Journal of Mosquito Research, 1(4): 01-09.
[4] R. L. Knight, E. William, G. Walton, F. O. Meara, K. William, and W. Roland (2003). Strategies for effective mosquito control in constructed treatment wetlands. Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
[5] C. O. Albert and G. M. Jaja (2005). Survey on Mosquito Prevention Methods Adopted by Rural Households in Rivers State, Nigeria. Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 2(4A): 324-327.
[6] T. A. Klein, J. B. P. Lima, and M. S. Tada (1995). Comparative susceptibility of Anopheles mosquitoes to Plasmodium falciparium in Rondoria, Brazil. America; Journal of Tropical Medical Hygiene, 44: 598-603.
[7] T. O. Envangeline, I. Iraneus, and J. E. Ahanaku (2010). Preliminary study on mosquito repellent and mosquitocidal activities of Ocimum gratissimum (L.) grown in eastern Nigeria. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, 47: 45-50.
[8] N. N. Ntonifor, C. A. Ngufor, H. K. Kimbi, and B. O. Oben (2006). Traditional use of Indigenous Mosquito repellents to protect Humans against Mosquitoes and other insect bites in a rural community of Cameroon. East African Medical Journal, 83(10): 553-558.
[9] H. O. Lawal, G. O. Adewuyi, A. B. Fawehinmi, A. O. Adeogun, and S. O. Etatuvie (2012). Bioassay of Herbal Mosquito Repellent Formulated from the Essential oil of Plants. Journal of Natural Products, 5: 109-115.
[10] University of Agriculture Makurdi, Directorate of Information and communication Technology (2011). Staff and students records.
[11] Ministry of Land and Survey, Makurdi (2011). Map of Benue State showing Makurdi Local Government Area.
[12] K. Amrita, K. Rajni, P. K. Sharma, and K. Meena (2015). Community Knowledge, Attitude, Awareness and Protective Practices Regarding Malaria in Mewat and Rohtak Districts of Haryana, India. British Journal of Medicine & Medical Research, 8(12): 1003-1010.
[13] K. B. Sharma, H. Angel, A. Singh, and V. J. Purshit (2008). Entomological Studies for Surveillance and Prevention of Dengue in arid and semi-arid Districts of Rajasthan, India. Journal of Vector Borne diseases, 45 (2): 124-132.
[14] D. R. Barnard and R. D. Xue (2004). Laboratory evaluation of mosquito repellents against Aedes albopictus, Culex nigripalpus, and Ochlerotatus triseriatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 41(4): 726-730.
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  • APA Style

    Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter, Akaangee Loveth Mngurumun, Onah IsegbeEmmanuel. (2017). Personal Protective Practices Against Mosquito Bites by Undergraduate Students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, North Central Nigeria. American Journal of Entomology, 1(2), 27-30. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11

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    ACS Style

    Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter; Akaangee Loveth Mngurumun; Onah IsegbeEmmanuel. Personal Protective Practices Against Mosquito Bites by Undergraduate Students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, North Central Nigeria. Am. J. Entomol. 2017, 1(2), 27-30. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11

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    AMA Style

    Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter, Akaangee Loveth Mngurumun, Onah IsegbeEmmanuel. Personal Protective Practices Against Mosquito Bites by Undergraduate Students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, North Central Nigeria. Am J Entomol. 2017;1(2):27-30. doi: 10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11,
      author = {Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter and Akaangee Loveth Mngurumun and Onah IsegbeEmmanuel},
      title = {Personal Protective Practices Against Mosquito Bites by Undergraduate Students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, North Central Nigeria},
      journal = {American Journal of Entomology},
      volume = {1},
      number = {2},
      pages = {27-30},
      doi = {10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aje.20170102.11},
      abstract = {Mosquito-borne diseases are of public health significance in Makurdi, Nigeria. Investigations on the protective practices against mosquito bites among Undergraduate students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi were conducted from January to April, 2016. Data was collected from a total of 300 students across the University hostels and private accommodation around the campus using structured questionnaires. Of the 300 students interviewed, 171 (57%) were males while 129 (43%) were females, and all of them (100%) had used one or more forms of the protective practices against mosquito bites. The age group 15-25 years had the highest number of responses (67%) while age group 35-45 years recorded the least number of responses (0.7%) respectively. The responses were significantly dependent on the age and sex of respondents (χ2 = 47.247, df = 3, P > 0.05). The use of window nets as protection against mosquito bites recorded the highest frequency 233/300(77.7%) while the use of mosquito weeds as repellents had the least number of respondents 2/300(0.7%) respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between male and female respondents. Similarly, the responses varied significantly (P < 0.05) across the age groups. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the level of effectiveness of the protective measures used among the students. The use of window and door nets, insecticide treated nets and insecticidal sprays were the most commonly used protection against mosquito bites. The fact that a large population of the respondents had used at least one control measure or the other against mosquito bites provided evidence for high rate of mosquito bites in the University community. It is recommended that Insecticide Treated Nets should be distributed free to the students on seasonal basis and proper environmental sanitation should be encouraged to destroy mosquito breeding sites in the community.},
     year = {2017}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Personal Protective Practices Against Mosquito Bites by Undergraduate Students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, North Central Nigeria
    AU  - Manyi Manasseh Msugh-Ter
    AU  - Akaangee Loveth Mngurumun
    AU  - Onah IsegbeEmmanuel
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    PY  - 2017
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11
    DO  - 10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11
    T2  - American Journal of Entomology
    JF  - American Journal of Entomology
    JO  - American Journal of Entomology
    SP  - 27
    EP  - 30
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-0537
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aje.20170102.11
    AB  - Mosquito-borne diseases are of public health significance in Makurdi, Nigeria. Investigations on the protective practices against mosquito bites among Undergraduate students of Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi were conducted from January to April, 2016. Data was collected from a total of 300 students across the University hostels and private accommodation around the campus using structured questionnaires. Of the 300 students interviewed, 171 (57%) were males while 129 (43%) were females, and all of them (100%) had used one or more forms of the protective practices against mosquito bites. The age group 15-25 years had the highest number of responses (67%) while age group 35-45 years recorded the least number of responses (0.7%) respectively. The responses were significantly dependent on the age and sex of respondents (χ2 = 47.247, df = 3, P > 0.05). The use of window nets as protection against mosquito bites recorded the highest frequency 233/300(77.7%) while the use of mosquito weeds as repellents had the least number of respondents 2/300(0.7%) respectively. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between male and female respondents. Similarly, the responses varied significantly (P < 0.05) across the age groups. There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in the level of effectiveness of the protective measures used among the students. The use of window and door nets, insecticide treated nets and insecticidal sprays were the most commonly used protection against mosquito bites. The fact that a large population of the respondents had used at least one control measure or the other against mosquito bites provided evidence for high rate of mosquito bites in the University community. It is recommended that Insecticide Treated Nets should be distributed free to the students on seasonal basis and proper environmental sanitation should be encouraged to destroy mosquito breeding sites in the community.
    VL  - 1
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Applied Entomology and Parasitology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria

  • Applied Entomology and Parasitology Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Nigeria

  • Federal College of Veterinary and Medical Laboratory Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom-Jos, Nigeria

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