Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment

Abdullah Al Zubaer; Sabrina Ferdous; Rohani Amrin; Md. Romzan Ali; Md. Alamgir Hossain

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13

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Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment

Abdullah Al Zubaer, Sabrina Ferdous, Rohani Amrin, Md. Romzan Ali, Md. Alamgir Hossain

Published in American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 2)

Received: 5 September 2020 Accepted: 19 September 2020 Published: 25 September 2020

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Abstract

Cognitive radio which is a low-cost communication system can choose the available frequencies and waveform so that it can restrict the interference on the unlicensed users on the premise automatically. In cognitive radio networks the spectrum sensing is considered as the key technology. On the contrary it is not only able fill voids in the wireless spectrum but also it can increase the spectral efficiency dramatically. The another issue is that sometimes users can experience deep shadowing or fading effect that time accurate detection factor will be compromised. However, we also allow the CK (cognitive Radio) users to co-operate by sharing their information so that it can detect the primary users (PU) to more accurately. Indeed, the main motive of this project is to investigate performance of Co-operative spectrum sensing scheme by upgrade using energy detection and to promote/n the sensing performance in channels such as AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. At fusion centre (FC) hard decision is performed which is the combination of (OR rule and AND rule). That is why for this extraordinary performance CR (Cognitive Radio) can be able to make final decision about primary user present or not. Additionally, comparisons among data fusion rules have been investigated also for a vast range of average in SNR (Signal to noise ratio) values. As a result, the performance of this CR is evaluated in terms of the probability of miss detection (P_md) and the probability of false alarm (P_fa). Moreover, the report is compared between the theoretical value and the simulated result and then it describes the relationship between the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the detections. At last, the method, energy detection and simulation and result are discussed.

Published in	American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (Volume 4, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13
Page(s)	49-54
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Alarm Probabilities, Fusion Rule, ROC Curve, AWGN Channel, False Alarm

References

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[2]	FCC, ET. "Docket No 03-222 “Notice of proposed rulemaking and order." (2003): 1-21.
[3]	Cabric, Danijela, Shridhar Mubaraq Mishra, and Robert W. Brodersen, 2004, "Implementation issues in spectrum sensing for cognitive radios." Signals, systems and computers. Conference record of the thirty-eighth Asilomar conference on. Vol. 1. IEEE.
[4]	Lu, et al.,"Ten years of research in spectrum sensing and sharing in cognitive radio." EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking 2012.1 (2012): 28.
[5]	Urkowitz, Harry. "Energy detection of unknown_deterministic_signals." Proceedings of the IEEE 55.4 (1967): 523-531.
[6]	Hossain, Mohammad Alamgir, Md Shamim Hossain, and Md Ibrahim Abdullah, 2012 "Cooperative spectrum sensing over fading channel in cognitive radio." International Journal of Innovation and Applied Studies 1.1: 84-93.
[7]	Digham, Fadel F., Mohamed-Slim Alouini, and Marvin K. Simon. 2007, "On the energy detection of unknown signals over fading channels." IEEE transactions on communications 55.1: 21-24.
[8]	P. Verma, B. Singh (24–27 September, 2014), “Throughput analysis in cognitive radio_networks”, International Conferen_On Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI), New Delhi, India.
[9]	Z. Shi, K. The (2013), “Energy-efficient joint design of sensing and transmission durations for protection of primary user in cognitive radio systems”, IEEE Communications Letters, Volume 17, Issue 3, pp. 565–568, DOI: 10.1109/LCOMM.2013.012313.122442.
[10]	C. Sun, W. Zhang, K. B. Letaief (11–15 March, 2007), “Cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radios under bandwidth constraints”, Wireless Communications and Networking Conference, Kowloon, China.
[11]	Ma, J., Zhao, G., & Li, Y. (2008). Soft combination and detection for cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, 7 (11), 4502-4507.
[12]	Quan, Z., Cui, S., & Sayed, A. H. (2008). Optimal linear cooperation for spectrum sensing in cognitive radio networks. IEEE Journal of selected topics in signal processing, 2 (1), 28-40.
[13]	Taricco, G. (2011). Optimization of linear cooperative spectrum sensing for cognitive radio networks. IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing, 5 (1), 77-86.
[14]	S. Haykin,, Feb 2005, “Cognitive radio: brain- empowered wireless communications,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 201-220.
[15]	D. Cabric, S. M. Mishra, and R. W. Brodersen, “Implementation issues in spectrum sensing for cognitive radios,” in Proc. Asilomar Conf. on Signals, Systems, and Computers, Nov. 7-10, 2004, vol. 1, pp. 772–776.

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APA Style

Abdullah Al Zubaer, Sabrina Ferdous, Rohani Amrin, Md. Romzan Ali, Md. Alamgir Hossain. (2020). Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment. American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 4(2), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13

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ACS Style

Abdullah Al Zubaer; Sabrina Ferdous; Rohani Amrin; Md. Romzan Ali; Md. Alamgir Hossain. Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment. Am. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2020, 4(2), 49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13

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AMA Style

Abdullah Al Zubaer, Sabrina Ferdous, Rohani Amrin, Md. Romzan Ali, Md. Alamgir Hossain. Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment. Am J Electr Comput Eng. 2020;4(2):49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13,
  author = {Abdullah Al Zubaer and Sabrina Ferdous and Rohani Amrin and Md. Romzan Ali and Md. Alamgir Hossain},
  title = {Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment},
  journal = {American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {49-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajece.20200402.13},
  abstract = {Cognitive radio which is a low-cost communication system can choose the available frequencies and waveform so that it can restrict the interference on the unlicensed users on the premise automatically. In cognitive radio networks the spectrum sensing is considered as the key technology. On the contrary it is not only able fill voids in the wireless spectrum but also it can increase the spectral efficiency dramatically. The another issue is that sometimes users can experience deep shadowing or fading effect that time accurate detection factor will be compromised. However, we also allow the CK (cognitive Radio) users to co-operate by sharing their information so that it can detect the primary users (PU) to more accurately. Indeed, the main motive of this project is to investigate performance of Co-operative spectrum sensing scheme by upgrade using energy detection and to promote/n the sensing performance in channels such as AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. At fusion centre (FC) hard decision is performed which is the combination of (OR rule and AND rule). That is why for this extraordinary performance CR (Cognitive Radio) can be able to make final decision about primary user present or not. Additionally, comparisons among data fusion rules have been investigated also for a vast range of average in SNR (Signal to noise ratio) values. As a result, the performance of this CR is evaluated in terms of the probability of miss detection (Pmd) and the probability of false alarm (Pfa). Moreover, the report is compared between the theoretical value and the simulated result and then it describes the relationship between the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the detections. At last, the method, energy detection and simulation and result are discussed.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY - JOUR
T1 - Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment
AU - Abdullah Al Zubaer
AU - Sabrina Ferdous
AU - Rohani Amrin
AU - Md. Romzan Ali
AU - Md. Alamgir Hossain
Y1 - 2020/09/25
PY - 2020
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13
DO - 10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13
T2 - American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
JF - American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
JO - American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering
SP - 49
EP - 54
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2640-0502
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13
AB - Cognitive radio which is a low-cost communication system can choose the available frequencies and waveform so that it can restrict the interference on the unlicensed users on the premise automatically. In cognitive radio networks the spectrum sensing is considered as the key technology. On the contrary it is not only able fill voids in the wireless spectrum but also it can increase the spectral efficiency dramatically. The another issue is that sometimes users can experience deep shadowing or fading effect that time accurate detection factor will be compromised. However, we also allow the CK (cognitive Radio) users to co-operate by sharing their information so that it can detect the primary users (PU) to more accurately. Indeed, the main motive of this project is to investigate performance of Co-operative spectrum sensing scheme by upgrade using energy detection and to promote/n the sensing performance in channels such as AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. At fusion centre (FC) hard decision is performed which is the combination of (OR rule and AND rule). That is why for this extraordinary performance CR (Cognitive Radio) can be able to make final decision about primary user present or not. Additionally, comparisons among data fusion rules have been investigated also for a vast range of average in SNR (Signal to noise ratio) values. As a result, the performance of this CR is evaluated in terms of the probability of miss detection (Pmd) and the probability of false alarm (Pfa). Moreover, the report is compared between the theoretical value and the simulated result and then it describes the relationship between the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the detections. At last, the method, energy detection and simulation and result are discussed.
VL - 4
IS - 2
ER -

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Author Information

Abdullah Al Zubaer

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rabindra Maitree University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
Sabrina Ferdous

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Rabindra Maitree University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
Rohani Amrin

Department of Information and Communication Technology, Rabindra Maitree University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
Md. Romzan Ali

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Rabindra Maitree University, Kushtia, Bangladesh
Md. Alamgir Hossain

Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Islamic University, Kushtia, Bangladesh

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APA Style

Abdullah Al Zubaer, Sabrina Ferdous, Rohani Amrin, Md. Romzan Ali, Md. Alamgir Hossain. (2020). Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment. American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 4(2), 49-54. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13

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ACS Style

Abdullah Al Zubaer; Sabrina Ferdous; Rohani Amrin; Md. Romzan Ali; Md. Alamgir Hossain. Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment. Am. J. Electr. Comput. Eng. 2020, 4(2), 49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13

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AMA Style

Abdullah Al Zubaer, Sabrina Ferdous, Rohani Amrin, Md. Romzan Ali, Md. Alamgir Hossain. Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment. Am J Electr Comput Eng. 2020;4(2):49-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13

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@article{10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13,
  author = {Abdullah Al Zubaer and Sabrina Ferdous and Rohani Amrin and Md. Romzan Ali and Md. Alamgir Hossain},
  title = {Detection and False Alarm Probabilities over Non-fading and Fading Environment},
  journal = {American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering},
  volume = {4},
  number = {2},
  pages = {49-54},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajece.20200402.13},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajece.20200402.13},
  abstract = {Cognitive radio which is a low-cost communication system can choose the available frequencies and waveform so that it can restrict the interference on the unlicensed users on the premise automatically. In cognitive radio networks the spectrum sensing is considered as the key technology. On the contrary it is not only able fill voids in the wireless spectrum but also it can increase the spectral efficiency dramatically. The another issue is that sometimes users can experience deep shadowing or fading effect that time accurate detection factor will be compromised. However, we also allow the CK (cognitive Radio) users to co-operate by sharing their information so that it can detect the primary users (PU) to more accurately. Indeed, the main motive of this project is to investigate performance of Co-operative spectrum sensing scheme by upgrade using energy detection and to promote/n the sensing performance in channels such as AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels. At fusion centre (FC) hard decision is performed which is the combination of (OR rule and AND rule). That is why for this extraordinary performance CR (Cognitive Radio) can be able to make final decision about primary user present or not. Additionally, comparisons among data fusion rules have been investigated also for a vast range of average in SNR (Signal to noise ratio) values. As a result, the performance of this CR is evaluated in terms of the probability of miss detection (Pmd) and the probability of false alarm (Pfa). Moreover, the report is compared between the theoretical value and the simulated result and then it describes the relationship between the signal to noise ratio (SNR) and the detections. At last, the method, energy detection and simulation and result are discussed.},
 year = {2020}
}

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