In this work a hybrid solar dryer is designed and its performance is experimentally evaluated. The user can set the drying parameters regarding the fruits to dry, and after the drying process started it can last a 12-hour drying cycle. It is designed to have maximum storage capacity of 10 kg. It can be configured to operate within the temperature range recommended for drying the product present. Two electrical sources (solar photovoltaic and conventional electricity) supplied the control system. This control system ensures the permanent presence of one of the two additional thermal sources (i e., the heating resistors and the energy gas). This makes it possible to obtain and maintain the recommended temperature range in the drying chamber. The simulation of the airflow distribution inside the device was performed with ANSYS Fluent software for the solar thermal mode and in case of an empty drying chamber. It showed that the drying-air is well distributed in the drying chamber and that the temperature inside the drying chamber is around 60°C. The performance tests, in a real environment (empty drying chamber and with loaded drying chamber), are used to validate the results of the simulations carried out and to assess the operation of the control system for a temperature range of 45 to 60°C. The maximum temperature reached in natural convection when the dryer is empty is 56.7°C. Tests made on pineapples slices showed that the dryer can reduce water from 80-86% to 6% in 12h. The use of this dryer will not only make it possible to carry out drying at any time of the day, but will also help to reduce the drying time of the products, while preserving their nutritional values.
| Published in | American Journal of Energy Engineering (Volume 11, Issue 4) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12 |
| Page(s) | 110-119 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Hybrid Solar Dryer, Modelling, Simulation, Fruit Drying, ANSYS Fluent
| [1] | The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO, 2020. doi: 10.4060/ca9692en. |
| [2] | The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP and WHO, 2021. doi: 10.4060/cb4474en. |
| [3] | The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2022. FAO, 2022. doi: 10.4060/cc0639en. |
| [4] | Africa – Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2021. FAO, 2021. doi: 10.4060/cb7496en. |
| [5] | FAO, Éd., Safeguarding against economic slowdowns and downturns. in The state of food security and nutrition in the world, no. 2019. Rome: FAO, 2019. |
| [6] | Victor Kiaya, «Technical papers on Post-Harvest Losses». ACF International, 2014. |
| [7] | «Traditional Drying Techniques for Fruits and Vegetables Losses Alleviation in Sub-Saharan Africa», vol. 8, no 9, p. 52-56, 2014, doi: 10.9790/2402-08945256. |
| [8] | V. R. Sagar et P. Suresh Kumar, «Recent advances in drying and dehydration of fruits and vegetables: a review». 2010. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13197-010-0010-8 |
| [9] | G. Pirasteh, R. Saidur, S. M. A. Rahman, et N. A. Rahim, «A review on development of solar drying applications», Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 31, p. 133-148, mars 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2013.11.052. |
| [10] | A. G. M. B. Mustayen, S. Mekhilef, et R. Saidur, «Performance study of different solar dryers: A review», Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 34, p. 463-470, juin 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.020. |
| [11] | A. B. Lingayat, V. P. Chandramohan, V. R. K. Raju, et V. Meda, «A review on indirect type solar dryers for agricultural crops – Dryer setup, its performance, energy storage and important highlights», Appl. Energy, vol. 258, p. 114005, janv. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.114005. |
| [12] | H. El Ferouali, M. Gharafi, A. Zoukit, S. Doubabi, et N. Abvdenouri, «Hybrid solar-gas-electric dryer optimization with genetic algorithms», 2018, doi: 10.4995/IDS2018.2018.7521. |
| [13] | A. Zoukit, H. El Ferouali, I. Salhi, S. Doubabi, et N. Abdenouri, «Takagi Sugeno fuzzy modeling applied to an indirect solar dryer operated in both natural and forced convection», Renew. Energy, vol. 133, p. 849-860, avr. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.10.082. |
| [14] | S. VijayaVenkataRaman, S. Iniyan, et R. Goic, «A review of solar drying technologies», Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., vol. 16, no 5, p. 2652-2670, juin 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2012.01.007. |
| [15] | leonard A. Nguimdo et N. kembou Valdo, «Design and Implementation of an Automatic Indirect Hybrid Solar Dryer for Households and Small Industries», Int. J. Renew. Energy Res. IJRER, vol. 10, no 3, Art. no 3, sept. 2020. |
| [16] | A. Afzal et al., «Development of a hybrid mixed-mode solar dryer for product drying», Heliyon, vol. 9, no 3, p. e14144, mars 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14144. |
| [17] | A. Zoukit, H. El Ferouali, I. Salhi, S. Doubabi, et N. Abdenouri, «Simulation, design and experimental performance evaluation of an innovative hybrid solar-gas dryer», Energy, vol. 189, p. 116279, déc. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116279. |
| [18] | J. Hussein, M. Hassan, S. Kareem, et K. Filli, «Design, Construction and Testing of a Hybrid Photovoltaic (PV) Solar Dryer», Int. J. Eng. Res. Sci., vol. 3, no 5, p. 01-14, mai 2017, doi: 10.25125/engineering-journal-IJOER-MAY-2017-4. |
| [19] | Y. O. Azouma, L. Drigalski, Z. Jegla, M. Reppich, V. Turek, et M. Weiß, «Indirect Convective Solar Drying Process of Pineapples as Part of Circular Economy Strategy», Energies, vol. 12, no 15, Art. no 15, janv. 2019, doi: 10.3390/en12152841. |
| [20] | M. C. Gilago, V. R. Mugi, et V. P. Chandramohan, «Investigation of exergy-energy and environ-economic performance parameters of active indirect solar dryer for pineapple drying without and with energy storage unit», Sustain. Energy Technol. Assess., vol. 53, p. 102701, oct. 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.seta.2022.102701. |
| [21] | M. C. Gilago, V. R. Mugi, et V. P. Chandramohan, «Investigating the Drying Kinetics of Pineapple Dried in Passive Indirect Mode Solar Dryer: Comparative Analysis With and Without Thermal Energy Storage System», in Proceedings of the 2022 International Symposium on Energy Management and Sustainability, M. Z. Sogut, T. H. Karakoc, O. Secgin, et A. Dalkiran, Éd., in Springer Proceedings in Energy. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023, p. 143-154. doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-30171-1_16. |
| [22] | M. C. Gilago et V. P. Chandramohan, «Study of drying parameters of pineapple and performance of indirect solar dryer supported with thermal energy storage: Comparing passive and active modes», J. Energy Storage, vol. 61, p. 106810, mai 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.est.2023.106810. |
| [23] | Mulatu C. Gilago, Vishnuvardhan Reddy Mugi, V. P. Chandramohan, et Suresh S., «Evaluating the performance of an indirect solar dryer and drying parameters of pineapple: comparing natural and forced convection», J. Therm. Anal. Calorim., 2023, Consulté le: 25 octobre 2023. [En ligne]. Disponible sur: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10973-023-11955-2 |
| [24] | I. P. B. Moreira et al., «Postharvest Treatment of Tropical Fruits Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Mamey (Mammea americana), and Banana (Musa paradisiaca) by Means of a Solar Dryer Designed», in Current Drying Processes, IntechOpen, 2020. doi: 10.5772/intechopen.90120. |
| [25] | T. B. Roratto, R. L. Monteiro, B. A. M. Carciofi, et J. B. Laurindo, «An innovative hybrid-solar-vacuum dryer to produce high-quality dried fruits and vegetables», LWT, vol. 140, p. 110777, avr. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110777. |
| [26] | S. Sobowale, Design, construction and evaluation of Solar dryer. 2015. doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3370.2886. |
| [27] | B. Aliyu, H. U. Kabri, et P. D. Pembi, «Performance evaluation of a village-level solar dryer for tomato under Savanna Climate: Yola, Northeastern Nigeria», p. 181-186, 2013. |
APA Style
Nounangnonhou, C. T., Tossa, K. A., Sèmassou, G. C., Nounagnon, B. (2023). Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Fruits Hybrid-Solar Dryer. American Journal of Energy Engineering, 11(4), 110-119. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12
ACS Style
Nounangnonhou, C. T.; Tossa, K. A.; Sèmassou, G. C.; Nounagnon, B. Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Fruits Hybrid-Solar Dryer. Am. J. Energy Eng. 2023, 11(4), 110-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12
AMA Style
Nounangnonhou CT, Tossa KA, Sèmassou GC, Nounagnon B. Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Fruits Hybrid-Solar Dryer. Am J Energy Eng. 2023;11(4):110-119. doi: 10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12,
author = {Cossi Télesphore Nounangnonhou and Kossoun Alain Tossa and Guy Clarence Sèmassou and Baudon Nounagnon},
title = {Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Fruits Hybrid-Solar Dryer},
journal = {American Journal of Energy Engineering},
volume = {11},
number = {4},
pages = {110-119},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajee.20231104.12},
abstract = {In this work a hybrid solar dryer is designed and its performance is experimentally evaluated. The user can set the drying parameters regarding the fruits to dry, and after the drying process started it can last a 12-hour drying cycle. It is designed to have maximum storage capacity of 10 kg. It can be configured to operate within the temperature range recommended for drying the product present. Two electrical sources (solar photovoltaic and conventional electricity) supplied the control system. This control system ensures the permanent presence of one of the two additional thermal sources (i e., the heating resistors and the energy gas). This makes it possible to obtain and maintain the recommended temperature range in the drying chamber. The simulation of the airflow distribution inside the device was performed with ANSYS Fluent software for the solar thermal mode and in case of an empty drying chamber. It showed that the drying-air is well distributed in the drying chamber and that the temperature inside the drying chamber is around 60°C. The performance tests, in a real environment (empty drying chamber and with loaded drying chamber), are used to validate the results of the simulations carried out and to assess the operation of the control system for a temperature range of 45 to 60°C. The maximum temperature reached in natural convection when the dryer is empty is 56.7°C. Tests made on pineapples slices showed that the dryer can reduce water from 80-86% to 6% in 12h. The use of this dryer will not only make it possible to carry out drying at any time of the day, but will also help to reduce the drying time of the products, while preserving their nutritional values.
},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Design and Experimental Evaluation of a Fruits Hybrid-Solar Dryer AU - Cossi Télesphore Nounangnonhou AU - Kossoun Alain Tossa AU - Guy Clarence Sèmassou AU - Baudon Nounagnon Y1 - 2023/11/09 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12 T2 - American Journal of Energy Engineering JF - American Journal of Energy Engineering JO - American Journal of Energy Engineering SP - 110 EP - 119 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2329-163X UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajee.20231104.12 AB - In this work a hybrid solar dryer is designed and its performance is experimentally evaluated. The user can set the drying parameters regarding the fruits to dry, and after the drying process started it can last a 12-hour drying cycle. It is designed to have maximum storage capacity of 10 kg. It can be configured to operate within the temperature range recommended for drying the product present. Two electrical sources (solar photovoltaic and conventional electricity) supplied the control system. This control system ensures the permanent presence of one of the two additional thermal sources (i e., the heating resistors and the energy gas). This makes it possible to obtain and maintain the recommended temperature range in the drying chamber. The simulation of the airflow distribution inside the device was performed with ANSYS Fluent software for the solar thermal mode and in case of an empty drying chamber. It showed that the drying-air is well distributed in the drying chamber and that the temperature inside the drying chamber is around 60°C. The performance tests, in a real environment (empty drying chamber and with loaded drying chamber), are used to validate the results of the simulations carried out and to assess the operation of the control system for a temperature range of 45 to 60°C. The maximum temperature reached in natural convection when the dryer is empty is 56.7°C. Tests made on pineapples slices showed that the dryer can reduce water from 80-86% to 6% in 12h. The use of this dryer will not only make it possible to carry out drying at any time of the day, but will also help to reduce the drying time of the products, while preserving their nutritional values. VL - 11 IS - 4 ER -
Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin; Laboratory of Electrotechnics, Telecommunications and Applied Informatics (LETIA), University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
Laboratory of Energetics and Applied Mechanics (LEMA), University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou, Benin
Information