This work aimed to evaluate the treatment by landfarming ex-situ on site of waste from the oil refining activity in Pointe-Noire. Three types of hydrocarbon-polluted soils were used for this study: Soil 1 (polluted by crude oil by-products), Soil 2 (polluted by crude oil by-products associated with grease) and Soil 3 (polluted by crude oil by-products associated with tank bottom sludge). These soils were treated in the ponds by mixing them with molasses and inoculum in the following proportions: 5400 kg soil, 5.5% molasses and 0.9% inoculum for pond 1 (Soil 1) and 27000 kg soil, 1.1% molasses and 0.185% inoculum for pond 2 (Soil 2) and pond 3 (Soil 3). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and trace metal elements (TME) during processing were determined by EPA 3510C + EPA 8015D-2003 and UNI ISO 17294-2-2016, respectively. pH, humidity, temperature, carbon and organic matter were determined by AOAC methods. The results obtained show a decrease in TPH content in Soil 1, Soil 2 and Soil 3, with degradability rates of 67.19, 52.75 and 9.18% respectively. As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg and Mo remain below 0.5 mg/kg. Zn levels decrease in Soil 2 (12 to 0.9 mg/kg) and increase in Soil 1 (10 to 15 mg/kg) and Soil 3 (20 to 23 mg/kg). Cu levels increase in Soil 1 (5 to 10 mg/kg) and Soil 2 (12 to 19 mg/kg). In Soil 3, Pb levels dropped from 18 to 12 mg/kg, while Ni levels rose from 3mg/kg to 7mg/kg. Concentrations of these metals (Pb and Ni) in Soil 1 and Soil 2 remained unchanged. pH varied from 4.52 to 8.38, humidity from 2.25 to 22.92%, temperature from 21 to 34°C, air content from 0.04 to 27.71%, carbon from 0.11 to 11.84% and nitrogen between 0.088 and 0.203% in all three soils during treatment. These results show that treatment had a significant impact on TPH.
| Published in | American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 12, Issue 5) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12 |
| Page(s) | 138-149 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Biodegradation, Landfarming, Petroleum Waste, ex-situ Treatment, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons
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APA Style
Okoletimou, V. V. M., Nzila, J. D. D., Watha-Ndoudy, N., Lebonguy, A. A. (2023). Biodegradation by Landfarming On-Site of Petroleum Waste from Refining at Pointe-Noire (Republic of Congo). American Journal of Environmental Protection, 12(5), 138-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12
ACS Style
Okoletimou, V. V. M.; Nzila, J. D. D.; Watha-Ndoudy, N.; Lebonguy, A. A. Biodegradation by Landfarming On-Site of Petroleum Waste from Refining at Pointe-Noire (Republic of Congo). Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2023, 12(5), 138-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12
AMA Style
Okoletimou VVM, Nzila JDD, Watha-Ndoudy N, Lebonguy AA. Biodegradation by Landfarming On-Site of Petroleum Waste from Refining at Pointe-Noire (Republic of Congo). Am J Environ Prot. 2023;12(5):138-149. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12
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Download@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12,
author = {Vitaline Vanessa Morabo Okoletimou and Jean de Dieu Nzila and Noël Watha-Ndoudy and Augustin Aimé Lebonguy},
title = {Biodegradation by Landfarming On-Site of Petroleum Waste from Refining at Pointe-Noire (Republic of Congo)},
journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {138-149},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20231205.12},
abstract = {This work aimed to evaluate the treatment by landfarming ex-situ on site of waste from the oil refining activity in Pointe-Noire. Three types of hydrocarbon-polluted soils were used for this study: Soil 1 (polluted by crude oil by-products), Soil 2 (polluted by crude oil by-products associated with grease) and Soil 3 (polluted by crude oil by-products associated with tank bottom sludge). These soils were treated in the ponds by mixing them with molasses and inoculum in the following proportions: 5400 kg soil, 5.5% molasses and 0.9% inoculum for pond 1 (Soil 1) and 27000 kg soil, 1.1% molasses and 0.185% inoculum for pond 2 (Soil 2) and pond 3 (Soil 3). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and trace metal elements (TME) during processing were determined by EPA 3510C + EPA 8015D-2003 and UNI ISO 17294-2-2016, respectively. pH, humidity, temperature, carbon and organic matter were determined by AOAC methods. The results obtained show a decrease in TPH content in Soil 1, Soil 2 and Soil 3, with degradability rates of 67.19, 52.75 and 9.18% respectively. As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg and Mo remain below 0.5 mg/kg. Zn levels decrease in Soil 2 (12 to 0.9 mg/kg) and increase in Soil 1 (10 to 15 mg/kg) and Soil 3 (20 to 23 mg/kg). Cu levels increase in Soil 1 (5 to 10 mg/kg) and Soil 2 (12 to 19 mg/kg). In Soil 3, Pb levels dropped from 18 to 12 mg/kg, while Ni levels rose from 3mg/kg to 7mg/kg. Concentrations of these metals (Pb and Ni) in Soil 1 and Soil 2 remained unchanged. pH varied from 4.52 to 8.38, humidity from 2.25 to 22.92%, temperature from 21 to 34°C, air content from 0.04 to 27.71%, carbon from 0.11 to 11.84% and nitrogen between 0.088 and 0.203% in all three soils during treatment. These results show that treatment had a significant impact on TPH.
},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Biodegradation by Landfarming On-Site of Petroleum Waste from Refining at Pointe-Noire (Republic of Congo) AU - Vitaline Vanessa Morabo Okoletimou AU - Jean de Dieu Nzila AU - Noël Watha-Ndoudy AU - Augustin Aimé Lebonguy Y1 - 2023/11/11 PY - 2023 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12 T2 - American Journal of Environmental Protection JF - American Journal of Environmental Protection JO - American Journal of Environmental Protection SP - 138 EP - 149 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5699 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20231205.12 AB - This work aimed to evaluate the treatment by landfarming ex-situ on site of waste from the oil refining activity in Pointe-Noire. Three types of hydrocarbon-polluted soils were used for this study: Soil 1 (polluted by crude oil by-products), Soil 2 (polluted by crude oil by-products associated with grease) and Soil 3 (polluted by crude oil by-products associated with tank bottom sludge). These soils were treated in the ponds by mixing them with molasses and inoculum in the following proportions: 5400 kg soil, 5.5% molasses and 0.9% inoculum for pond 1 (Soil 1) and 27000 kg soil, 1.1% molasses and 0.185% inoculum for pond 2 (Soil 2) and pond 3 (Soil 3). Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and trace metal elements (TME) during processing were determined by EPA 3510C + EPA 8015D-2003 and UNI ISO 17294-2-2016, respectively. pH, humidity, temperature, carbon and organic matter were determined by AOAC methods. The results obtained show a decrease in TPH content in Soil 1, Soil 2 and Soil 3, with degradability rates of 67.19, 52.75 and 9.18% respectively. As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Hg and Mo remain below 0.5 mg/kg. Zn levels decrease in Soil 2 (12 to 0.9 mg/kg) and increase in Soil 1 (10 to 15 mg/kg) and Soil 3 (20 to 23 mg/kg). Cu levels increase in Soil 1 (5 to 10 mg/kg) and Soil 2 (12 to 19 mg/kg). In Soil 3, Pb levels dropped from 18 to 12 mg/kg, while Ni levels rose from 3mg/kg to 7mg/kg. Concentrations of these metals (Pb and Ni) in Soil 1 and Soil 2 remained unchanged. pH varied from 4.52 to 8.38, humidity from 2.25 to 22.92%, temperature from 21 to 34°C, air content from 0.04 to 27.71%, carbon from 0.11 to 11.84% and nitrogen between 0.088 and 0.203% in all three soils during treatment. These results show that treatment had a significant impact on TPH. VL - 12 IS - 5 ER -
Industrial Process Engineering Laboratory, National Higher Polytechnic School, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
Geosciences and Environment Research Laboratory (LARGEN), Higher Teachers’ College (ENS), Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo; Geosciences Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
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