,
Jean-Marie Pétémanagnan Ouattara,
Amichalé Jean Cyrille Beda*,
Franck Michaël Zahui,
Aman Messou
Burning of used tyres is a growing activity in urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire. However, this activity is a source of soil pollution. In this context, this study aims to map the sites where used tyres are burned in the city of Abidjan, to describe this practice and to analyse the associated health and environmental risks. Field observations and interviews were conducted with the local population, garage owners and vulcanisers. In addition, the geographical coordinates of the identified tyres burning sites were recorded using GPS. A total of 50 tyres burning sites were identified in Abidjan, including 12 in Yopougon, 10 in Abobo, 05 in Marcory, 06 in Koumassi, 05 in Port-Bouët, 06 in Attécoubé and 06 in Adjamé. Most of the waste tyres burning sites are located close to economic activities, residential areas and rainwater drainage networks, exposing the surrounding population to risks. Tyres burning is carried out exclusively by men. Most of them are aged between 20 and 40 (59%) and most of them have no formal education (77.15%). This activity produces toxic fumes and ash which contain contaminant, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. This study suggests the importance of regulating informal tyres burning due to its proven risks to public health and the environment. The results of this research should guide public policy promoting environmentally sound alternatives for used tyres management, such as recycling and recovery.
| Published in | American Journal of Environmental Protection (Volume 14, Issue 3) |
| DOI | 10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12 |
| Page(s) | 106-112 |
| Creative Commons |
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Copyright |
Copyright © The Author(s), 2025. Published by Science Publishing Group |
Tyres Burning, Environment, Health, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| [1] | Kabir, Z., Kabir, M. Solid Waste Management in Developing Countries : Towards a Circular Economy. In C. Baskar, S. Ramakrishna, S. Baskar, R. Sharma, A. Chinnappan, & R. Sehrawat (Éds.), Handbook of Solid Waste Management: Sustainability through Circular Economy Springer, Singapour, 2020, pp. 1-34. |
| [2] | ADEME. Taux d’utilisation et coûts des différentes techniques et filières de traitement des sols et des eaux souterraines polluées en France. Synthèse des données 2010-2012, ADEME, France, 2012, 26 p. |
| [3] | Kaza S., Yao L. C., Bhada-Tata, P., Van Woerden, F. What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050. World Bank, Washington, USA, 2018, 38 p. |
| [4] | Ojekunle, O. O., Falana, A. R., Majolagbe, M. O., Oyebamiji, N. A., Oladoye, A. O., Aduradola, A. M., Ayinde, J. A. Assessment of Tyre Burning Impact on Forest Soil Mineral Nutrients in Arakanga Forest Reserve, Southwestern Nigeria. Journal of Meteorology and Climate Science, 2023, 23(1), 13-25. |
| [5] | Hasnain, M., Qayoom, A., Saira, A., Hussain, M., Rehman, A., Khaliq, H., Tariq, R., Ullah, A. Implications of Heavy Metals on Human Cancers. Open Access Library Journal. 2024, 12. e12644. |
| [6] | Evans A., Evans R. The composition of a tyre: Typical components, Waste & Resources Action Programme, Banbury Oxford, UK, 2006, 5 p. |
| [7] | Presti, D. L. Recycled tire rubber modified bitumens for road asphalt mixtures: A literature review, Construction and Building Materials. 2013, 49 863-881. |
| [8] | Harrison-Obi, C. N. Environmental impact of End-of-Life Tyre (ELT) or scrap tyre waste pollution and the need for sustainable waste tyre disposal and transformation mechanism in Nigeria. Nnamdi Azikiwe University Journal of International Law and Jurisprudence. 2019, 10(2), 60-70. |
| [9] | Ferronato, N., Torretta, V. Waste Mismanagement in Developing Countries: A Review of Global Issues. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2019, 16, 1060. |
| [10] | Journal officiel de la république de Côte d’Ivoire. Loi n° 2001-478 du 9 août 2001 portant Statut du Districtd'Abidjan. Cote d’ivoire, 2021, pp 670-679. |
| [11] | Adon, G. C., Kassi, J.-B., Yoboue, C. K., (2018). Dynamics of Land Use in the City of Abidjan from 1986 to 2017: Contribution of Remote Sensing and GIS. Journal of Environmental and Analytical Toxicology, 8: 3, 1-6. |
| [12] | Institut National de la Statistique (INS). Recencement Général de la Population et de l’Habitat 2021: Résultats Globaux. Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, 2021, 1 p. |
| [13] | Akobé, A. C., Amani, E. M., Assale, F. P., Fea, I., Monde S., Aka K., Digbehi Z. B. Caractérisation petro physique des grès d’âge crétacé de la marge d’Abidjan du bassin sédimentaire offshore de Cote d’Ivoire (zone Abidjan-Adiaké). International Journal of Current Research. 2020, 12(12), 15320-15329. |
| [14] | Yao, C., Kacou, M., Koffi, E. S., Dao, A., Dutremble, C., Guilliod, M., Kamagaté, B., Perrin, J.-L., Salles, C., Neppel, L., Paturel, J.-E., Zahiri, E. P., Séguis, L. Rainfall risk over the city of Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire): first contribution of the joint analysis of daily rainfall from a historical record and a recent network of rain gauges. Proceedings of IAHS. 2024, 385: 259-265. |
| [15] | Dhaval M., Priti E., Amisha D., Hardik C. Sampling Methods in Research: A Review. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2023, 7(3), 762-768. |
| [16] | Hotou C., Wandji, R. Recyclage artisanal des pneus dans la ville de Yaoundé: état des lieux, risques sanitaires et perspectives Yaoundé: Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Travaux Publics, projet d’étude, 2015, 72 p. |
| [17] | Diabagaté A. Impacts des activités informelles sur le tronçon Agban-Carrefour Zoo Abidjan (Côte d’Ivoire). Revue de Géographie Tropicale et d’Environnement, 2015, 2: 110-117. |
| [18] | Code de l’Environnement de Côte d’Ivoire. Loi n° 2023-900 du 23 Novembre 2023 portant code de l’environnement. 2023, 39 p. |
| [19] | Mbiadjeu-Lawou, S. P., Hotou, C. T. Recyclage artisanal des pneus usés à Bangangté (Cameroun). Espace Géographique et Société Marocaine. 2020, 33-34. |
| [20] | Xiao, Z., Pramanik, A., Basak, A. K., Prakash, C., Shankar, S. Material recovery and recycling of waste tyres-A review. Cleaner Mater, 2022, 5, 100115. |
| [21] | Environmental Protection Agency. Air emissions from scrap tire combustion. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 1997, 117 p. |
| [22] | Martin, S., Griswold, W. Human health effects of heavy metals. Environmental Science and Technology Briefs from Citizens. 2009, 15: 1-6. |
| [23] | Rhodes, E., Ren, Z., May, D. Zinc leaching from tyre crumb rubber. Environmental Science & Technology, 2012, 46 (23), 12856-12863. |
| [24] | Wang, C., Li, D., Zhai, T., Wang, H., Sun Q., Li H. Direct conversion of waste tyres into three-dimensional graphene. Energy Storage Materials, 2019, 23, 499-507. |
APA Style
Soro, N. W. M., Ouattara, J. P., Beda, A. J. C., Zahui, F. M., Messou, A. (2025). Urban Tyres Burning: Sites Mapping and Analysis of Environmental and Health Risks in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. American Journal of Environmental Protection, 14(3), 106-112. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12
ACS Style
Soro, N. W. M.; Ouattara, J. P.; Beda, A. J. C.; Zahui, F. M.; Messou, A. Urban Tyres Burning: Sites Mapping and Analysis of Environmental and Health Risks in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. Am. J. Environ. Prot. 2025, 14(3), 106-112. doi: 10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12
Share This Article
Twitter
Linked In
Facebook
Copy
Download@article{10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12,
author = {N’Lôh Wondianwa Marie Soro and Jean-Marie Pétémanagnan Ouattara and Amichalé Jean Cyrille Beda and Franck Michaël Zahui and Aman Messou},
title = {Urban Tyres Burning: Sites Mapping and Analysis of Environmental and Health Risks in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
},
journal = {American Journal of Environmental Protection},
volume = {14},
number = {3},
pages = {106-112},
doi = {10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12},
url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12},
eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ajep.20251403.12},
abstract = {Burning of used tyres is a growing activity in urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire. However, this activity is a source of soil pollution. In this context, this study aims to map the sites where used tyres are burned in the city of Abidjan, to describe this practice and to analyse the associated health and environmental risks. Field observations and interviews were conducted with the local population, garage owners and vulcanisers. In addition, the geographical coordinates of the identified tyres burning sites were recorded using GPS. A total of 50 tyres burning sites were identified in Abidjan, including 12 in Yopougon, 10 in Abobo, 05 in Marcory, 06 in Koumassi, 05 in Port-Bouët, 06 in Attécoubé and 06 in Adjamé. Most of the waste tyres burning sites are located close to economic activities, residential areas and rainwater drainage networks, exposing the surrounding population to risks. Tyres burning is carried out exclusively by men. Most of them are aged between 20 and 40 (59%) and most of them have no formal education (77.15%). This activity produces toxic fumes and ash which contain contaminant, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. This study suggests the importance of regulating informal tyres burning due to its proven risks to public health and the environment. The results of this research should guide public policy promoting environmentally sound alternatives for used tyres management, such as recycling and recovery.
},
year = {2025}
}
TY - JOUR T1 - Urban Tyres Burning: Sites Mapping and Analysis of Environmental and Health Risks in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire AU - N’Lôh Wondianwa Marie Soro AU - Jean-Marie Pétémanagnan Ouattara AU - Amichalé Jean Cyrille Beda AU - Franck Michaël Zahui AU - Aman Messou Y1 - 2025/05/29 PY - 2025 N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12 DO - 10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12 T2 - American Journal of Environmental Protection JF - American Journal of Environmental Protection JO - American Journal of Environmental Protection SP - 106 EP - 112 PB - Science Publishing Group SN - 2328-5699 UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ajep.20251403.12 AB - Burning of used tyres is a growing activity in urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire. However, this activity is a source of soil pollution. In this context, this study aims to map the sites where used tyres are burned in the city of Abidjan, to describe this practice and to analyse the associated health and environmental risks. Field observations and interviews were conducted with the local population, garage owners and vulcanisers. In addition, the geographical coordinates of the identified tyres burning sites were recorded using GPS. A total of 50 tyres burning sites were identified in Abidjan, including 12 in Yopougon, 10 in Abobo, 05 in Marcory, 06 in Koumassi, 05 in Port-Bouët, 06 in Attécoubé and 06 in Adjamé. Most of the waste tyres burning sites are located close to economic activities, residential areas and rainwater drainage networks, exposing the surrounding population to risks. Tyres burning is carried out exclusively by men. Most of them are aged between 20 and 40 (59%) and most of them have no formal education (77.15%). This activity produces toxic fumes and ash which contain contaminant, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. This study suggests the importance of regulating informal tyres burning due to its proven risks to public health and the environment. The results of this research should guide public policy promoting environmentally sound alternatives for used tyres management, such as recycling and recovery. VL - 14 IS - 3 ER -
Department of Sciences and Environment Management, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Department of Sciences and Environment Management, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Department of Agronomic, Forestry and Environmental Engineering, University of Man, Man, Côte d’Ivoire
Department of Agronomic, Forestry and Environmental Engineering, University of Man, Man, Côte d’Ivoire
Department of Sciences and Environment Management, Nangui Abrogoua University, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
Information