Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria

Evangel Chinyere, Anyanwu; Priscilla Chidinma Ogbonna; David Chinaecherem Innocent

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12

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Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria

Evangel Chinyere, Anyanwu, Priscilla Chidinma Ogbonna, David Chinaecherem Innocent^*

Published in Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research (Volume 11, Issue 4)

Received: 24 August 2023 Accepted: 26 September 2023 Published: 9 November 2023

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Abstract

Cervical cancer persists to be a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries such as Nigeria, where limited healthcare access and awareness contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates among women. This study, conducted in the context of Ezinihitte Mbaise Local Government Area (L.G.A) in Imo State, Nigeria, aims to fill a data gap by assessing postmenopausal women's awareness of cervical cancer concepts. A cross sectional study design was adopted for the study. The method adopted in this study is a qualitative method that utilized a well-structured questionnaire & focused group discussions in collecting information from menopausal women who attended a free medical outreach organized by the researcher in three different zones (Ezi east, Ezi west, and Ezi center) in Ezinihitte Mbaise LGA through the help research assistant. The results indicated a significant lack of awareness, with 55.1% of participants unfamiliar with cervical cancer. Notably, 43.9% of women exhibited awareness, primarily among those with higher educational backgrounds. On Educational qualification, those with primary education had the highest percentage (36.4%), followed by informal education (31.7%) while tertiary education was the lowest among the participants (4.6%). This study underscores the urgent need for targeted awareness campaigns and educational initiatives to address the notably low levels of cervical cancer awareness among post-menopausal women. Integrating cancer screening education into routine healthcare services can as well empower women with vital information and contribute to a proactive approach towards cervical cancer prevention.

Published in	Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12
Page(s)	46-51
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Awareness, Cervical Cancer, Post-Menopausal Women, Cancer, Nigeria

References

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[7]	Batarfi, Nahid (2012) Saudi Women’s Experiences, Barriers, and Facilitators when Accessing Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening Services. PhD thesis, University of York.
[8]	Mirzaei-Alavijeh M, Karami-Matin B, Jalilian F, Rakhshani F, Mahboubi M, Emdadi S. Pap smear test promotion among women: an Educa-tional intervention based on theory of planned be-havior. Journal of biology and Today's World. 2014; 3 (4): 100–3.
[9]	Innocentia Ebu N, Mupepi SC, Peter Siakwa M, Sampselle CM. Knowledge, practice, and barriers toward cervical cancer screening in Elmina, Southern Ghana. Available at: https://scholarworks.gvsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1049&context=kcon_articles. Accessed, July 12, 2014.
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[13]	Louie KS, De Sanjose S, Mayaud P. Epidemiology and prevention of human papillomavirus and cervical cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a comprehensive review. Tropical Med Int Health. 2009; 14 (10): 1287–302.
[14]	Tran NT, Choe SI, Taylor R, Ko WS, Pyo HS, So HC. Knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) concerning cervical cancer and screening among rural and urban women in six provinces of the democratic People’s Republic of Korea. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2011; 12 (11): 3029–33.
[15]	Jia, Y., Li, S., Yang, R., Zhou, H., Xiang, Q., Hu, T., Zhang, Q., Chen, Z., Ma, D. and Feng, L., 2013. Knowledge about cervical cancer and barriers of screening program among women in Wufeng County, a high-incidence region of cervical cancer in China. PloS one, 8 (7), p. e67005.
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APA Style

Chinyere, Anyanwu, E., Chidinma Ogbonna, P., Chinaecherem Innocent, D. (2023). Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research, 11(4), 46-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12

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ACS Style

Chinyere, Anyanwu, E.; Chidinma Ogbonna, P.; Chinaecherem Innocent, D. Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. J. Cancer Treat. Res. 2023, 11(4), 46-51. doi: 10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12

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AMA Style

Chinyere, Anyanwu E, Chidinma Ogbonna P, Chinaecherem Innocent D. Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. J Cancer Treat Res. 2023;11(4):46-51. doi: 10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12

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@article{10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12,
  author = {Evangel Chinyere, Anyanwu and Priscilla Chidinma Ogbonna and David Chinaecherem Innocent},
  title = {Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {46-51},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jctr.20231104.12},
  abstract = {Cervical cancer persists to be a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries such as Nigeria, where limited healthcare access and awareness contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates among women. This study, conducted in the context of Ezinihitte Mbaise Local Government Area (L.G.A) in Imo State, Nigeria, aims to fill a data gap by assessing postmenopausal women's awareness of cervical cancer concepts. A cross sectional study design was adopted for the study. The method adopted in this study is a qualitative method that utilized a well-structured questionnaire & focused group discussions in collecting information from menopausal women who attended a free medical outreach organized by the researcher in three different zones (Ezi east, Ezi west, and Ezi center) in Ezinihitte Mbaise LGA through the help research assistant. The results indicated a significant lack of awareness, with 55.1% of participants unfamiliar with cervical cancer. Notably, 43.9% of women exhibited awareness, primarily among those with higher educational backgrounds. On Educational qualification, those with primary education had the highest percentage (36.4%), followed by informal education (31.7%) while tertiary education was the lowest among the participants (4.6%). This study underscores the urgent need for targeted awareness campaigns and educational initiatives to address the notably low levels of cervical cancer awareness among post-menopausal women. Integrating cancer screening education into routine healthcare services can as well empower women with vital information and contribute to a proactive approach towards cervical cancer prevention.
},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria
AU  - Evangel Chinyere, Anyanwu
AU  - Priscilla Chidinma Ogbonna
AU  - David Chinaecherem Innocent
Y1  - 2023/11/09
PY  - 2023
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DO  - 10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12
T2  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
JF  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
JO  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
SP  - 46
EP  - 51
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7790
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12
AB  - Cervical cancer persists to be a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries such as Nigeria, where limited healthcare access and awareness contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates among women. This study, conducted in the context of Ezinihitte Mbaise Local Government Area (L.G.A) in Imo State, Nigeria, aims to fill a data gap by assessing postmenopausal women's awareness of cervical cancer concepts. A cross sectional study design was adopted for the study. The method adopted in this study is a qualitative method that utilized a well-structured questionnaire & focused group discussions in collecting information from menopausal women who attended a free medical outreach organized by the researcher in three different zones (Ezi east, Ezi west, and Ezi center) in Ezinihitte Mbaise LGA through the help research assistant. The results indicated a significant lack of awareness, with 55.1% of participants unfamiliar with cervical cancer. Notably, 43.9% of women exhibited awareness, primarily among those with higher educational backgrounds. On Educational qualification, those with primary education had the highest percentage (36.4%), followed by informal education (31.7%) while tertiary education was the lowest among the participants (4.6%). This study underscores the urgent need for targeted awareness campaigns and educational initiatives to address the notably low levels of cervical cancer awareness among post-menopausal women. Integrating cancer screening education into routine healthcare services can as well empower women with vital information and contribute to a proactive approach towards cervical cancer prevention.

VL  - 11
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Author Information

Evangel Chinyere, Anyanwu

Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Information Science and Technology, University of Nebraska, Omaha, United States
Priscilla Chidinma Ogbonna

Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Africa, Toru-Orua, Nigeria
David Chinaecherem Innocent

Department of Public Health, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria

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APA Style

Chinyere, Anyanwu, E., Chidinma Ogbonna, P., Chinaecherem Innocent, D. (2023). Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research, 11(4), 46-51. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12

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ACS Style

Chinyere, Anyanwu, E.; Chidinma Ogbonna, P.; Chinaecherem Innocent, D. Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. J. Cancer Treat. Res. 2023, 11(4), 46-51. doi: 10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12

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AMA Style

Chinyere, Anyanwu E, Chidinma Ogbonna P, Chinaecherem Innocent D. Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria. J Cancer Treat Res. 2023;11(4):46-51. doi: 10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12,
  author = {Evangel Chinyere, Anyanwu and Priscilla Chidinma Ogbonna and David Chinaecherem Innocent},
  title = {Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {46-51},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jctr.20231104.12},
  abstract = {Cervical cancer persists to be a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries such as Nigeria, where limited healthcare access and awareness contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates among women. This study, conducted in the context of Ezinihitte Mbaise Local Government Area (L.G.A) in Imo State, Nigeria, aims to fill a data gap by assessing postmenopausal women's awareness of cervical cancer concepts. A cross sectional study design was adopted for the study. The method adopted in this study is a qualitative method that utilized a well-structured questionnaire & focused group discussions in collecting information from menopausal women who attended a free medical outreach organized by the researcher in three different zones (Ezi east, Ezi west, and Ezi center) in Ezinihitte Mbaise LGA through the help research assistant. The results indicated a significant lack of awareness, with 55.1% of participants unfamiliar with cervical cancer. Notably, 43.9% of women exhibited awareness, primarily among those with higher educational backgrounds. On Educational qualification, those with primary education had the highest percentage (36.4%), followed by informal education (31.7%) while tertiary education was the lowest among the participants (4.6%). This study underscores the urgent need for targeted awareness campaigns and educational initiatives to address the notably low levels of cervical cancer awareness among post-menopausal women. Integrating cancer screening education into routine healthcare services can as well empower women with vital information and contribute to a proactive approach towards cervical cancer prevention.
},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Exploring the Awareness Level of Cervical Cancer Concept Among Post-Menopausal Women in Ezinihitte Mbaise, Imo State, Nigeria
AU  - Evangel Chinyere, Anyanwu
AU  - Priscilla Chidinma Ogbonna
AU  - David Chinaecherem Innocent
Y1  - 2023/11/09
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12
T2  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
JF  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
JO  - Journal of Cancer Treatment and Research
SP  - 46
EP  - 51
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2376-7790
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jctr.20231104.12
AB  - Cervical cancer persists to be a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries such as Nigeria, where limited healthcare access and awareness contribute to high morbidity and mortality rates among women. This study, conducted in the context of Ezinihitte Mbaise Local Government Area (L.G.A) in Imo State, Nigeria, aims to fill a data gap by assessing postmenopausal women's awareness of cervical cancer concepts. A cross sectional study design was adopted for the study. The method adopted in this study is a qualitative method that utilized a well-structured questionnaire & focused group discussions in collecting information from menopausal women who attended a free medical outreach organized by the researcher in three different zones (Ezi east, Ezi west, and Ezi center) in Ezinihitte Mbaise LGA through the help research assistant. The results indicated a significant lack of awareness, with 55.1% of participants unfamiliar with cervical cancer. Notably, 43.9% of women exhibited awareness, primarily among those with higher educational backgrounds. On Educational qualification, those with primary education had the highest percentage (36.4%), followed by informal education (31.7%) while tertiary education was the lowest among the participants (4.6%). This study underscores the urgent need for targeted awareness campaigns and educational initiatives to address the notably low levels of cervical cancer awareness among post-menopausal women. Integrating cancer screening education into routine healthcare services can as well empower women with vital information and contribute to a proactive approach towards cervical cancer prevention.

VL  - 11
IS  - 4
ER  -

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