3-D Simulation of MANET with UAV in Mountainous Areas
Michiko Harayama,
Masahiro Nishioka,
Taiki Hayashi,
Kosuke Watanabe
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
61-68
Received:
28 May 2021
Accepted:
25 June 2021
Published:
30 June 2021
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a worldwide boom in mountain climbing because the activity has become easier due to the higher functionality and lighter weight of mountaineering equipment. Along with this boom, mountain distress accidents have also increased. In the event of a disaster, effective communication with search and rescue victims is important. Mobile communication in the mountains, however, is limited because radio waves from the base station may be blocked due to topographic features, vegetation in the surrounding environment, etc. Therefore, a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) could be a useful means of communication. Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs, e.g., drones and balloons) have become smaller and more sophisticated, with the result that UAVs could now be available as relay devices for MANETs. However, the effectiveness of MANETs in combination with UAVs in mountainous areas has not yet been clarified and no construction method has yet been established. Furthermore, in the case of mountain communication simulations, elevation differences of several thousand meters on mountain trails and radio wave propagation losses peculiar to mountains must be considered, as these conditions differ from those of common MANET simulations. Therefore, in this study, we simulated 3-dimensional MANET with UAVs using the Hotaka mountain range as an example case. Our radio wave propagation model includes the 2-ray ground reflection model, the double knife-edge diffraction loss model, and the standard model of vegetation attenuation. We simulated communication between a climber and a basecamp or hut on the mountain by MANET relayed by drones and a balloon in four scenarios, finding that the UAV expands the communicable area substantially in the mountains. We also examined the influence of rainfall and snow on mountain MANET communication.
Abstract: In recent years, there has been a worldwide boom in mountain climbing because the activity has become easier due to the higher functionality and lighter weight of mountaineering equipment. Along with this boom, mountain distress accidents have also increased. In the event of a disaster, effective communication with search and rescue victims is impo...
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Validating Clocking Subsystem in Post Silicon Environment
Atulesh Kansal,
Himanshu Aggarwal
Issue:
Volume 9, Issue 2, June 2021
Pages:
69-72
Received:
17 May 2021
Accepted:
2 July 2021
Published:
13 July 2021
Abstract: With tremendous growth of automotive and consumer market, demand of semiconductors is also growing. Every new day comes up with a new micro-controller with upgraded feature set. As the feature set is increasing, so is the complexity of the devices. This increased complexity majorly impacts the clocking and power sub system of a micro controller. In this paper, we will talk about clocking sub-system that is also known as HEART of any micro controller. To have a healthy heart of a micro controller, there should be robust testing of micro controller under various conditions. In a multiple clocking domain architecture, there are major issues of SoC getting stuck or wrong clock output. Sometimes, clock can get glitchy due to extreme weather conditions as well. It can also malfunction due to wrong configurations or a marginal configuration. So, to rule out all this kind of issues, randomization, sweeps, testing under different process, voltage and thermal conditions plays an important role. Though it is never possible to cover all the combinations during bench validation of these complex SoC, but in this paper, we have tried to capture some type of tests that can be performed to test the robustness of a micro controller.
Abstract: With tremendous growth of automotive and consumer market, demand of semiconductors is also growing. Every new day comes up with a new micro-controller with upgraded feature set. As the feature set is increasing, so is the complexity of the devices. This increased complexity majorly impacts the clocking and power sub system of a micro controller. In...
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