Research Article
Phenotypic Diversity of Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) Genotypes for Qualitative Characteristics at Awada, Ethiopia
Habtamu Gebreselassie*
,
Bizuayehu Tesfaye,
Andargachewu Gedebo
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
1-13
Received:
15 September 2025
Accepted:
29 September 2025
Published:
26 January 2026
Abstract: Understanding the amount and distribution of genetic diversity is crucial in breeding programs. This study aimed to assess the variation in qualitative morphological traits among 17 Arabica coffee genotypes. The traits displayed a wide range of phenotypic variation, with the Shannon-Weaver diversity index ranging from 0.22 to 1.12 with a mean of 0.67. The chi-square test revealed significant differences for most of the traits, suggesting dominant phenotypic variation among the evaluated traits. Path coefficient analysis showed a positive direct effect of angle of insertion of primary branches (0.485), canopy diameter (0.264), overall appearance (0.101), and leaf apex shape (0.014) on branching habit. According to the PCA, leaf shape (-0.41) and fruit color (-0.36) from the first PCA and leaf apex shape (-0.43) from the second PCA were the important variables contributing more to the variations. The genotypes were classified into five clusters and the pairwise generalized squared distance among the clusters showed significant divergence between most of the clusters. In conclusion, the present study confirmed the existence of qualitative morphological trait variation among evaluated South Ethiopian Arabica coffee genotypes. It is recommended that the studied genotypes be properly conserved and utilized for the coffee genetic improvement program through selection and hybridization.
Abstract: Understanding the amount and distribution of genetic diversity is crucial in breeding programs. This study aimed to assess the variation in qualitative morphological traits among 17 Arabica coffee genotypes. The traits displayed a wide range of phenotypic variation, with the Shannon-Weaver diversity index ranging from 0.22 to 1.12 with a mean of 0....
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Research Article
Antimicrobial Resistance Pattern of Escherichia Coli (E. coli) and Klebsiella Spp Isolated from Patients with Urinary Tract Infection
Ogunsina Olabode Isaiah*
Issue:
Volume 14, Issue 1, March 2026
Pages:
14-21
Received:
15 July 2025
Accepted:
4 August 2025
Published:
27 January 2026
Abstract: Background: To better understand the frequency of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. among patients with urinary tract infections at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. Objective: This study aimed to analyze their patterns of antibiotic resistance. Methods: The Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method was employed to test the susceptibility of various microbes. Results: E. coli was the most prevalent pathogen in this study's 50 samples, with a prevalence of 64%, followed by Klebsiella spp. with a prevalence of 36%. Escherichia coli isolates were highly susceptible to imipenem (75%) and nitrofurantoin (65.6%), but showed high resistance to cefotaxime (100%), amoxicillin-clavulanate acid (100%), and nalidixic acid (96.9%). Klebsiella spp isolates were highly susceptible to Imipenem (50%) but showed 100% resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanate acid and cefotaxime, respectively. Therefore, these results should form the basis for preliminary decision-making about the best course of treatment for urinary tract infections (UTIs). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the effectiveness of UTI therapy using available antibiotics is limited due to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant uropathogens.
Abstract: Background: To better understand the frequency of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. among patients with urinary tract infections at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. Objective: This study aimed to analyze their patterns of antibiotic resistance. Methods: The Kirby-Bauer disk-diffusion method was employed to test the susceptibility of...
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