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Design and Optimization of Domestic Solar Dryer
Hakizimana Eustache,
Emmanuel Dushimire,
Charlotte Amizero
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2017
Pages:
130-135
Received:
28 September 2017
Accepted:
16 October 2017
Published:
24 November 2017
Abstract: This paper presents the design, simulation and optimization of a mixed-mode solar dryer based on the climatic data of location Kigali and mangoes were used as a reference product. The model was simulated using TRNSYS software for thermal analysis and the results was shown on a graph which presents the useful temperature gain for drying. The results were used for solar drying simulation to evaluate its performance in terms of drying rate, here MATLAB was utilized for this. It is clear on the graph how the moisture content of mangoes decreases with time up to 10%, which is their equilibrium moisture level for safe storage. The optimization of the model was further done with the modification of the solar dryer by making the front wall of the drying chamber with a glass which adds a greenhouse effect, hence a further increase in drying temperature. The solar drying simulation was again carried out and a clear difference in drying time was observed in the drying rate graph where the time of moisture content removal was reduced from 24 hours to 10 hours.
Abstract: This paper presents the design, simulation and optimization of a mixed-mode solar dryer based on the climatic data of location Kigali and mangoes were used as a reference product. The model was simulated using TRNSYS software for thermal analysis and the results was shown on a graph which presents the useful temperature gain for drying. The results...
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Disaggregate Energy Consumption and Sectoral Output in Nigeria
Nwosa Philip Ifeakachukwu
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2017
Pages:
136-145
Received:
25 October 2016
Accepted:
23 March 2017
Published:
28 November 2017
Abstract: This study examined the nexus between components of aggregate energy consumption and sectoral output in Nigeria for the period spanning 1980 to 2014. Sequel to the unit root and co-integration estimates, the study utilized the Vector Auto-regressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction (VEC) techniques. Thus, the study observed that the direction of causation between components of energy consumption and output of individual sectors differed. The study recommended that energy policies should be sector specific, taking into cognizance the components of energy consumption influencing the output of individual sectors.
Abstract: This study examined the nexus between components of aggregate energy consumption and sectoral output in Nigeria for the period spanning 1980 to 2014. Sequel to the unit root and co-integration estimates, the study utilized the Vector Auto-regressive (VAR) and Vector Error Correction (VEC) techniques. Thus, the study observed that the direction of c...
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Biomass as a Renewable Resource for Energy and Chemical Products
Otun Saha,
Afroza Sultana,
Nikkon Sarker,
Md. Ashfaqur Rahman Siddiqui,
Foysal Hossen,
Sanjoy Kumar Mukharjee
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2017
Pages:
146-151
Received:
12 April 2017
Accepted:
22 April 2017
Published:
28 November 2017
Abstract: Global demand for biomass-based products will increase over the next decades. Global biomass demand is expected to roughly double between 2020 and 2050. In addition to ensuring food security for a growing and richer world population, biofuels and bio-based materials will increasingly drive future demand. This lead to a greater utilization of renewable resources to replace the old and existing fossil-based feedstock for energy and chemicals. In addition to depleting fossil fuel reserves and growing demand for energy has necessitated the renewed search for alternative energy resources such as sunflower seeds, soybean, canola, peanuts, coconut, wheat, sugar beet, and sweet sorghum etc. as well as Biomass. Bioethanol, biodiesel, and biogas are the most common form of energy getting forms various biomass sources. On the other hand's glycerol, furans, levulinic acid, and aliphatic acids are the most common form of chemical generating from biomass using the various process as well as through the action of microorganisms and their enzymes. In the case of Bangladesh the main energy sources biomass and natural gas where biomass energy is about 70% of the total energy consumption. On the other hand, in the case of chemical production using biomass Bangladesh is not so much updated than the others developing countries around the world. This review represents the biomass sources and from them which various valuable chemicals and energy products are produced as well as biomass as a renewable resource for energy and chemical products.
Abstract: Global demand for biomass-based products will increase over the next decades. Global biomass demand is expected to roughly double between 2020 and 2050. In addition to ensuring food security for a growing and richer world population, biofuels and bio-based materials will increasingly drive future demand. This lead to a greater utilization of renewa...
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Stability Indicating HPLC Method for the Determination of Diflubenzuron Insecticide
Vinayak Ambike,
Anant Argekar
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2017
Pages:
152-157
Received:
30 June 2017
Accepted:
20 July 2017
Published:
1 December 2017
Abstract: A new, fast, accurate, reliable and stability indicating HPLC method for the determination of Diflurobenzuron (DFB), in technical and formulation samples in presence of related and degraded impurities has been developed using intersil – 3 stainless steel C. 18 column (5 µm, 250 mm length x 4.6 mm id), acetonitrite: water: 1.4 dioxane (58:39:0.03 v/v) as mobile phase and diphenyl as internal standard. The flow rate of the mobile phase was 2 cm3 min-1. Detection was carried out at 260 mm using UV detector. The retention times were 1.55 min, 1.75 min, 6.3 min, 7.9 min and 10.7 min for 2, 6 diflurobenzoic acid, 2, 6 diflurobuzamide, diflurobenzuron, difur (an impurity) and diphenyl (internal standard) respectively. The linearity range of DFB was 0.5 to 15 mg per 100 cm3. The LOD and LOQ values for DFB were 0.142 to 0.432 respectively. When various technical and formulated smples were analysed by this proposed method the percentage recoveries were found to be 99.20-101.80% with RSD between 0.01% to 0.45%.
Abstract: A new, fast, accurate, reliable and stability indicating HPLC method for the determination of Diflurobenzuron (DFB), in technical and formulation samples in presence of related and degraded impurities has been developed using intersil – 3 stainless steel C. 18 column (5 µm, 250 mm length x 4.6 mm id), acetonitrite: water: 1.4 dioxane (58:39:0.03 v/...
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Socially Responsible Research as a Critical Path to Foster Rational and Ethical Analyses in Biased Public Debates: The Example of a Renewable Energy
Sébastien Bayon,
Jean-Claude André
Issue:
Volume 5, Issue 6, December 2017
Pages:
158-168
Received:
31 October 2016
Accepted:
30 December 2016
Published:
8 January 2018
Abstract: The development of new technologies crossed more and more by means of inquiries to the public. At the same time, the researchers should be more and more led to explore socially responsible research principles to take into account aspects like supplies, risks and social perception of the systems which they allow. A certain number of data was calculated from Life Cycles Analysis, allowing confrontations in relation to citizen opinions expressed in the case of the Aeolian energy system. The work linked with this paper agrees with some published results, but also highlights a trend of certain scientists coming from the “hard” sciences to assert opinions located outside the techno-economic reality. This result does not meet for the general population which agrees better to not know. This unforeseen situation asks then the important question of links to be developed between science, technology and society.
Abstract: The development of new technologies crossed more and more by means of inquiries to the public. At the same time, the researchers should be more and more led to explore socially responsible research principles to take into account aspects like supplies, risks and social perception of the systems which they allow. A certain number of data was calcula...
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