Research Article
The Level of Effectiveness of Virtual Leadership in Palestinian Government Institutions During Crises "A Case Study COVID-19 Pandemic"
Maen Ahmed Fawzi Salhab*
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
114-134
Received:
10 March 2025
Accepted:
24 March 2025
Published:
28 July 2025
Abstract: Crises such as natural disasters, financial instability, and pandemics pose significant challenges to government institutions, impacting their performance and resilience. In response, virtual leadership has emerged as a critical approach to ensuring sustainability and adaptability. This study examines the effectiveness of virtual leadership in Palestinian government institutions during crises, assessing key determinants including communication, decision-making, trust and transparency, performance management, adaptability, psychological and social support, and technological infrastructure. Additionally, it analyzes the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats associated with virtual leadership and proposes strategies for improvement. A quantitative analytical approach was adopted, utilizing survey data collected from 370 supervisory employees in Palestinian government institutions between August 12 and September 18, 2024. Findings indicate that the overall effectiveness of virtual leadership in these institutions reached 67.4%, compared to 77% in U.S. federal agencies and 80% among British government employees working remotely during the pandemic. Among leadership dimensions, communication was the most effective (72.1%), followed by decision-making (67.4%) and adaptability (67.2%), while psychological and social support scored the lowest (61.1%). The study highlights the critical role of effective virtual communication in enhancing leadership performance and collaboration. However, challenges such as misunderstandings in senior management meetings necessitate improved communication channels. Decision-making effectiveness reflects the ability to respond swiftly to challenges, though technical issues remain a barrier, requiring better strategic decision-making processes. Trust and transparency between management and employees also need strengthening. The study recommends improving virtual communication through targeted training and advanced tools, ensuring resource availability for high-quality decision-making, and fostering employee engagement in decision processes to build trust. Additionally, continuous performance evaluation and training on virtual work adaptation are essential to enhancing overall effectiveness.
Abstract: Crises such as natural disasters, financial instability, and pandemics pose significant challenges to government institutions, impacting their performance and resilience. In response, virtual leadership has emerged as a critical approach to ensuring sustainability and adaptability. This study examines the effectiveness of virtual leadership in Pale...
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Research Article
The Mediating Role of Institutional Quality in FDI Attractiveness: Evidence from Tay Ninh, Vietnam
Ngo Quoc Cuong*,
Nguyen Thi Xuan Huong
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 3, September 2025
Pages:
135-146
Received:
19 June 2025
Accepted:
8 July 2025
Published:
1 August 2025
DOI:
10.11648/j.jbed.20251003.12
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Abstract: This study examines the determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) attractiveness in Tay Ninh, Vietnam, emphasizing the mediating role of Institutional Quality alongside Investment Incentives and Infrastructure Quality. Employing the endogenous growth model and Investment Climate Framework, the research investigates how policies and infrastructure directly enhance FDI inflows, with Institutional Quality mediating through improved workforce skills. Data from 437 respondents across 250 FDI enterprises were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings indicate that Investment Incentives and Institutional Quality exert the strongest direct effects on FDI attractiveness, followed by Infrastructure Quality. Institutional Quality significantly mediates the relationships between Infrastructure Quality, Investment Incentives, and FDI attractiveness. Despite Tay Ninh’s strategic location near Ho Chi Minh City and the Cambodian border, its limited skilled workforce, with only 14.7% formally trained, poses challenges. The study recommends extending investment incentives, accelerating infrastructure development, and prioritizing workforce training to enhance FDI attractiveness and promote sustainable economic growth. These findings offer policymakers actionable insights to strengthen Tay Ninh’s competitiveness in attracting high-value FDI within Vietnam’s Southern Key Economic Region.
Abstract: This study examines the determinants of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) attractiveness in Tay Ninh, Vietnam, emphasizing the mediating role of Institutional Quality alongside Investment Incentives and Infrastructure Quality. Employing the endogenous growth model and Investment Climate Framework, the research investigates how policies and infrastruc...
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