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On Arising Nanohydrides in Reduced Alkaline Solution
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
185-189
Received:
7 May 2013
Published:
10 June 2013
Abstract: Studying electron properties of liquid water in the frame of band theory shows that obtaining its non-stoichiometric state is a simple way to vary physical and chemical properties, and changing a Reduction–Oxidation (RedOx) potential of any aqueous solution. In this connection, Fermi level in the band gap, as a measurable characteristic of non-stoichiometric liquid water, is the most convenient energy for monitoring and managing its RedOx potential. The hypo-stoichiometric state, H2O1–z, of liquid water is realized when the position of Fermi level is shifted to the bottom of conduction band. This state can be fixed by micro emulsifying gaseous hydrogen in liquid water or by electro-reducing the alkaline solution (catholyte) with possible forming alkaline (A) nanohydrides (AHH2O) n. As strong reducers, they can be quasi-stable in the aqueous solution and be an effective means for holding the negative RedOx potential of liquid water.
Abstract: Studying electron properties of liquid water in the frame of band theory shows that obtaining its non-stoichiometric state is a simple way to vary physical and chemical properties, and changing a Reduction–Oxidation (RedOx) potential of any aqueous solution. In this connection, Fermi level in the band gap, as a measurable characteristic of non-stoi...
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The Role of Pion Cloud in the Structure Function and the EMC Effect of 27Al, 56Fe, 63Cu and, 107Ag nuclei
Sara Hatampanah,
Negin SattaryNikkhoo,
Farhad Zolfagharpour
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
190-194
Received:
21 May 2013
Published:
10 June 2013
Abstract: In this paper we have studied role of pionic contribution in the structure function and the EMC effect for27Al, 56Fe, 63Cu and, 107Ag nuclei. For extracting nuclear structure function, first we calculated contribution of the Fermi motion, and the binding energy effects and, then, we added pionic contribution to them. Also, we used the free GRV nucleon structure functions in the conventional nuclear theory. Extracted results show that using the pionic contribution in these nuclei structure function and the EMC effect give good agreement with experimental data.
Abstract: In this paper we have studied role of pionic contribution in the structure function and the EMC effect for27Al, 56Fe, 63Cu and, 107Ag nuclei. For extracting nuclear structure function, first we calculated contribution of the Fermi motion, and the binding energy effects and, then, we added pionic contribution to them. Also, we used the free GRV nucl...
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Pulse Increase at Mass Interaction in an Energy Carrier
Vasily Ivanovich Bogdanov
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
195-201
Abstract: Capability of pulse increase due to the effect of mass addition during pulsejet engines operation is shown. Under definite conditions it is possible to create a pulse even with no reaction mass ejection, which corresponds to a local solution of the Meshchersky equation according to which for a variable-mass body the expelled mass is equal to the added mass. The effect of pulse increase due to mass interaction can manifest itself in liquids, elastic solids and even in living organisms. This can explain an increased efficiency of the wing in the pulsating flow, movement of the so-called ‘inerzoids’ without their interaction with the environment. Possible ways of the effect realization in various spheres of human activities are considered.
Abstract: Capability of pulse increase due to the effect of mass addition during pulsejet engines operation is shown. Under definite conditions it is possible to create a pulse even with no reaction mass ejection, which corresponds to a local solution of the Meshchersky equation according to which for a variable-mass body the expelled mass is equal to the ad...
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Evaluation of TSH, T4 and T3 in Human Serum: Standardization on Normal Individuals
M. A. Samad,
M. M. Haque,
M. K. Shah,
M. R. Islam,
M. C. Mia
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
202-207
Received:
28 May 2013
Published:
20 June 2013
Abstract: A cross-sectional study of thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in human serum was performed aiming to define their normal values. In total, 201 assays were performed on 70 normal individuals, 26 men and 44 women, with ages ranging from 2 to 84 years. Serum TSH was measured with a highly sensitive immunoradiometric assay (IRMA) kit and T4 & T3 were determined with commercially available radioimmunoassay (RIA) kits. The normal values of TSH, T4 and T3 observed in the present study were 0.5 - 5.0 mIU/L, 55 - 169 nmol/L and 1.2 - 3.4 nmol/L, respectively, and their means (±SD) were 2.06±1.08 mIU/L, 113.21±27.62 nmol/L and 1.96±0.54 nmol/L, respectively. The results obtained were found to be in excellent agreement with the previously reported series. It is, therefore, expected that the present study will contribute some useful data in literature to set up normal values of serum TSH, T4 and T3.
Abstract: A cross-sectional study of thyrotropin (TSH), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) in human serum was performed aiming to define their normal values. In total, 201 assays were performed on 70 normal individuals, 26 men and 44 women, with ages ranging from 2 to 84 years. Serum TSH was measured with a highly sensitive immunoradiometric assay (IRM...
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Dark Matter Particle Detection System SQUID - Magnetic Calorimeter
Alexander I. Golovashkin,
George N. Izmaïlov,
Vladimir A. Ryabov,
Andrey M. Tshovrebov,
Larisa N. Zherikhina
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
208-216
Received:
20 May 2013
Published:
30 June 2013
Abstract: Physical principles underlying the concept of the Dark Matter (DM) are considered. Problems of Dark Matter particle detection are briefly reviewed. An original two-channel scheme for direct detection of cosmic DM particles is proposed. It is based on a super-low-temperature calorimeter and includes a nuclear spin system whose magnetic response is measured by a quantum interferometer (SQUID). Low threshold and the capability for efficiently suppressing the recoil-electron background are the most important advantages of the proposed scheme. They make it possible to detect DM particles with extremely low recoil energies and carry out direct DM search with high sensitivity.
Abstract: Physical principles underlying the concept of the Dark Matter (DM) are considered. Problems of Dark Matter particle detection are briefly reviewed. An original two-channel scheme for direct detection of cosmic DM particles is proposed. It is based on a super-low-temperature calorimeter and includes a nuclear spin system whose magnetic response is m...
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Comparison between Asymmetric Electric Force and Magnetic Force
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
217-219
Received:
29 May 2013
Published:
30 June 2013
Abstract: Motion of an electric dipole, having same type of charge on both poles, in a parallel electric field is studied. The magnitude of the electric field is allowed to vary in the direction perpendicular to its polarization and to remain constant along the direction parallel to the polarization. This electric field applies asymmetric electric force on the dipole, which imprints a motion of rotation. Mathematical analysis of this motion proves that a single particle or a rigid body with inhomogeneous or homogeneous charge density distribution subjected to this electric field follows a motion of rotation too. This curved path appears to be analogous to the curved path followed by the same charged particle in the magnetic field produced by a straight long conductor carrying a steady electric current. However, the asymmetric electric force acts along the direction of motion and the magnetic force acts in the direction perpendicular to the motion of the charged particle, consequently, they produce different effects.
Abstract: Motion of an electric dipole, having same type of charge on both poles, in a parallel electric field is studied. The magnitude of the electric field is allowed to vary in the direction perpendicular to its polarization and to remain constant along the direction parallel to the polarization. This electric field applies asymmetric electric force on t...
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Gravitational Field of Non-conserving Mass Particle
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
220-222
Received:
24 May 2013
Published:
30 June 2013
Abstract: Gravitational field equations are written in the form of Maxwell’s type field equations. Lorentz gauge on the gravitational scalar and vector potentials is discarded by introducing a gravitational scalar field. It makes the mass particles to be time-dependent. The non-conserving part of the mass causes to produce the gravitational scalar field, which further con-tributes to the gravitational and gravitomagnetic vector fields. This contribution makes possible to produce a repulsive gravitational field by a decaying mass particle beyond a critical distance.
Abstract: Gravitational field equations are written in the form of Maxwell’s type field equations. Lorentz gauge on the gravitational scalar and vector potentials is discarded by introducing a gravitational scalar field. It makes the mass particles to be time-dependent. The non-conserving part of the mass causes to produce the gravitational scalar field, whi...
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Doppler-Free Comb-Spectroscopy in Counter-Propagating Fields
Sergey A. Pulkin,
GuangHoon Kim,
Uk Kang,
Vasiliy Arnautov,
Svetlana V. Uvarova
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
223-226
Received:
26 May 2013
Published:
10 July 2013
Abstract: The method of Doppler – free comb – spectroscopy for dipole transitions was proposed. The numerical calculations for susceptibility spectrum for two-level system driving by strong counter propagating combs were made. The narrow peaks with homogeneous width arise on the background of Doppler counter. The contrast of these peaks is large for largest amplitudes of comb-components. Power broadening is increasing with increasing of field amplitudes. The amplitudes of peaks depend on the phase difference between carrier frequencies of combs. The spectral range of absorption spectrum is determined by the spectral range of comb generator and all homogeneous lines arise simultaneously. The spectral resolution is determined by the width of homogeneously –broadening lines. The physical nature of narrow peaks is in the existing of multi-photon transitions between manifolds of quasi-energy levels arising for different groups of atoms moving with velocities that satisfy to the resonant conditions 2kv= (n+l)Ω⁄j, where n, l, j-are integers and Ω - frequency difference between comb teeth.
Abstract: The method of Doppler – free comb – spectroscopy for dipole transitions was proposed. The numerical calculations for susceptibility spectrum for two-level system driving by strong counter propagating combs were made. The narrow peaks with homogeneous width arise on the background of Doppler counter. The contrast of these peaks is large for largest ...
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Breakthrough Space Obstacle
Bi Qiao,
Song Kongzhi,
Zhang Bao Sheng
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
227-233
Received:
11 June 2013
Published:
10 July 2013
Abstract: In this work, we try to propose a soliton processing mechanism to explain the phenomena of the Breakthrough Space Obstacles (BSO) based on the concrete experimental dates and figures taken from the somatic science. Through analysis and studying, we find that the sort of bio-electromagnetic wave field (BEF) is an origin of BSO. This BEF satisfies a nonlinear quantum Maxwell equation which is proportional to the change of particle density of object. Moreover, BEF has very broad of spectrum range from 100MHz to 1GHz and possesses high amplitude of the electromagnetic response, and also has width of frequency as well strong strength. It is this BEF allowing object to transform as a big soliton to have BSO probability by the nonlinear quantum interaction.
Abstract: In this work, we try to propose a soliton processing mechanism to explain the phenomena of the Breakthrough Space Obstacles (BSO) based on the concrete experimental dates and figures taken from the somatic science. Through analysis and studying, we find that the sort of bio-electromagnetic wave field (BEF) is an origin of BSO. This BEF satisfies a ...
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Radar Theoretical Study: Minimum Detection Range And Maximum Signal To Noise Ratio (SNR) Equation By Using MATLAB Simulation Program
Sulaiman H. M. Al Sadoon,
Badal H. Elias
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 4, July 2013
Pages:
234-241
Received:
12 June 2013
Published:
20 July 2013
Abstract: This paper deals with the minimum detection range versus maximum signal to noise ratio (SNR) for several choices parameters like (peak power percent, radar cross section (RCS), antenna gain, coherently pulses, and duty cycle) by using MATALAB simulation program, these programs have been developed to make them easy for any user of evaluating the radar range and SNR equations and make them so faster and more convenient. After enter the input these parameters, the programs will calculate the detection range and SNR of a radar system and view the result as graphically.
Abstract: This paper deals with the minimum detection range versus maximum signal to noise ratio (SNR) for several choices parameters like (peak power percent, radar cross section (RCS), antenna gain, coherently pulses, and duty cycle) by using MATALAB simulation program, these programs have been developed to make them easy for any user of evaluating the rad...
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