 
								The Neurogoniometry: Applied Optical Analysis for Neural Structure Directogramm / Radiation Pattern Measurements
								
									
										
											
											
												Oleg Gradov,
											
										
											
											
												Alexander Notchenko,
											
										
											
											
												Vahagn Oganessian
											
										
									
								 
								
									
										Issue:
										Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2015
									
									
										Pages:
										37-42
									
								 
								
									Received:
										6 September 2015
									
									Accepted:
										20 October 2015
									
									Published:
										30 October 2015
									
								 
								
									
										
											
												DOI:
												
												10.11648/j.optics.20150406.11
											
											Downloads: 
											Views: 
										
										
									
								 
								
								
									
									
										Abstract: The possibility of constructing a dynamic neurogoniometer based on a rotary mechanotronic system controlled by stepper motors and a number of controlled reflectors on the galvanometric scanners is considered below. The control is performed by a PIC-controller, but there is also another low-cost construction using stepper motors control modules in a CAMAC standard. There are several designs based on a universal Fedorov stage and the apparatus for stereotaxis. The above schemes can be used both for working with the fixed histological slices and for in vivo or in situ analysis, particularly of the living brain slices. An example of application of such devices is described in this paper.
										Abstract: The possibility of constructing a dynamic neurogoniometer based on a rotary mechanotronic system controlled by stepper motors and a number of controlled reflectors on the galvanometric scanners is considered below. The control is performed by a PIC-controller, but there is also another low-cost construction using stepper motors control modules in a...
										Show More
									
								
								
							
							
								 
								Why Dark Matter and Dark Energy Are Invisible
								
									
										
											
											
												Alexander Alexandrovich Antonov
											
										
									
								 
								
									
										Issue:
										Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2015
									
									
										Pages:
										43-47
									
								 
								
									Received:
										30 November 2015
									
									Accepted:
										10 December 2015
									
									Published:
										25 December 2015
									
								 
								
									
										
											
												DOI:
												
												10.11648/j.optics.20150406.12
											
											Downloads: 
											Views: 
										
										
									
								 
								
								
									
									
										Abstract: New objects of astrophysical studies ‒ dark matter and dark energy ‒ have been called so as they are invisible and incomprehensible. Including, they are incomprehensible from the standpoint of physical optics. This article explains that their invisibility is caused by the compliance of the imaginary physical entities, the reality of which has already been proven.
										Abstract: New objects of astrophysical studies ‒ dark matter and dark energy ‒ have been called so as they are invisible and incomprehensible. Including, they are incomprehensible from the standpoint of physical optics. This article explains that their invisibility is caused by the compliance of the imaginary physical entities, the reality of which has alrea...
										Show More
									
								
								
							
							
								 
								A Study on the Colored Glass Lens
								
								
									
										Issue:
										Volume 4, Issue 6, December 2015
									
									
										Pages:
										48-54
									
								 
								
									Received:
										6 December 2015
									
									Accepted:
										17 December 2015
									
									Published:
										30 December 2015
									
								 
								
									
										
											
												DOI:
												
												10.11648/j.optics.20150406.13
											
											Downloads: 
											Views: 
										
										
									
								 
								
								
									Abstract: Several coloring technologies of ophthalmic lenses were discussed. Dipping, casting, hard coating mixture mixing and multi layer coating method were discussed. Samples of few tens were made and tested. We tried to get the digitalized values of each color dressed lenses. This trial will give a helpful way to make the standard colors of lenses.