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Validation of Maize-Common Bean Intercropping on Crop Productivity and Land Use Efficiency Under Two Tillage Practices at Jimma Zone, South Western Ethiopia
Sisay Gurmu,
Muhidin Biya
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
35-41
Received:
4 June 2021
Accepted:
4 August 2021
Published:
23 August 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.scidev.20210203.12
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Abstract: Validation of maize common bean intercropping on crop productivity and land use efficiency under two tillage practices was conducted to determine the best maize common intercropping ratio and tillage practice. Four treatments with farmers replications which were two maize to common bean ratio:- 1:2 and 1:4 maize to common bean ratio respectively in rows of maize and between two maize plant stand and two tillage practices:- conventional tillage and zero tillage. The design used was split plot design. The collected date was subjected to ANOVA using SAS version 9.3. Significant highest grain yield of maize 4060 kg ha-1 and above-ground biomass 10.08 ton ha-1 was recorded from zero tillage with the highest net benefit 24,898.0 ETB ha-1. Whereas the significant maximum grain yield of common bean 1270 kg ha-1 and above- ground biomass 3.87 ton ha-1 was obtained from one maize to four common bean intercropping ratio with highest net benefit 15,345ETB ha-1 Therefore, it is advisable for farmers in the study area and adjacent district’ with similar agro-ecologies, one maize to four common bean intercropping ratio with zero tillage practice can be the best combination for yield improvement of the both crop and land use efficiency.
Abstract: Validation of maize common bean intercropping on crop productivity and land use efficiency under two tillage practices was conducted to determine the best maize common intercropping ratio and tillage practice. Four treatments with farmers replications which were two maize to common bean ratio:- 1:2 and 1:4 maize to common bean ratio respectively in...
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Transient Study of Functional Graded Composite Spur Gear (FGCSG) with FEA
Shravankumar Kerur,
Nagaraj Kantli
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
42-48
Received:
11 May 2021
Accepted:
4 June 2021
Published:
31 August 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.scidev.20210203.13
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Abstract: Article focuses on brief literature review of composite gears, in which the attention is focused on the behavior of laminated composite gear with various fiber reinforcement arrangements. Because of their favorable conditions and better exhibits, functional composites are the most commonly used and important materials in a number of fields, paving the way for the world to become less dependent on the use of traditional materials. The broad field of nano composites and gear are very briefly discussed. Transient analysis of composite spur gear literatures available has been reviewed. The need for the composite fiber reinforced plastic gear is presented. Using the FE technique, the current study investigates the transient behavior of traditional material apparatus, fiber fortified rigging, and carbon nanotube reinforced composite apparatus (CNTRCA) with different carbon nanotube fiber fortification directions. The latest outcomes of fiber reinforced composites and nanofiber reinforced apparatuses are exciting rigging drives for potential force and movement transmission applications. The FE technique is based on the theory of first shear twisting theory (FSDT). The current description is written in open writing and coded in MATLAB. Optimization of reinforcement of fiber in critical section of gear is studied and in turn weight to stiffness ratio can be improved.
Abstract: Article focuses on brief literature review of composite gears, in which the attention is focused on the behavior of laminated composite gear with various fiber reinforcement arrangements. Because of their favorable conditions and better exhibits, functional composites are the most commonly used and important materials in a number of fields, paving ...
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Africanity and New Afrodiasporans in America: Negotiating New Identity in Bulawayo’s and Mbue’s Debut Novels
Elizabeth Adesunmbo Omotayo,
Edith Awogu-Maduagwu
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
49-56
Received:
27 January 2021
Accepted:
6 February 2021
Published:
31 August 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.scidev.20210203.14
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Abstract: Migratory movements of Africans to the West in recent times have led to the evolvement of the new African diaspora, distinct from the old that emerged in the immediate post-transatlantic slavery era, but with both comparable in number of those involved and scope. Lived experience’s implication in new identity construct of migrants leads to this text-based exploration of how first generation male and female African migrants in Bulawayo’s We Need New Names and Imbolo Mbue’s Behold the Dreamers reflect Africanity. The selected texts, which are depictions of recent African diaspora experience, are analyzed using postcolonial concepts of ‘otherness’, ‘subalternity’ and Stuart Hall’s notion of ‘cultural identity’. The outcome of the relocation of many African migrants to the West is the expression of their Africanity in distinct ways. As postcolonial subjects, contemporary African migrants have found themselves at the ‘Centre’ where the reality of their racialization and essentialization have grave consequences on their identities thereby rendering them ‘unwhole’ Africans.
Abstract: Migratory movements of Africans to the West in recent times have led to the evolvement of the new African diaspora, distinct from the old that emerged in the immediate post-transatlantic slavery era, but with both comparable in number of those involved and scope. Lived experience’s implication in new identity construct of migrants leads to this tex...
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Evaluation of Earthworm Multiplication Bedding Materials for Effective Vermicompost Production at Jimma, Southwestern Ethiopia
Habetamu Getinet,
Gebreslassie Hailu,
Hirut Birhanu
Issue:
Volume 2, Issue 3, September 2021
Pages:
57-61
Received:
10 August 2021
Accepted:
24 August 2021
Published:
4 September 2021
DOI:
10.11648/j.scidev.20210203.15
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Abstract: Rapid expansion of urbanization and industrialization has led to generation of huge quantities of waste materials where majority of organic waste is dumped in landfill sites, creates the organic load on the ground water, and more emissions of landfill gases. The best possible alternative to minimize these potential pollutants is through the process of vermicomposting because earthworms have the ability to convert organic waste into wealth (compost). This experiment was done to evaluate the effect of bedding materials for vermicompost production and performance of earthworm at Jimma Agricultural Research Center, Southwestern Ethiopia. The experiment consisted of three types of bedding materials including (cattle manure, donkey manure and poultry droppings) and four incubation periods (40, 60, 80 and 90 days) arranged factorially in completely randomized block design (RCBD) in three replications. The performance of worms was measured based on more suitable for vermicomposting including biological parameter, which measured the growth rate, the chemical nature of compost (pH), final number of worm, organic matter content (OM) of worm casts, total nitrogen (Tot. N) Content and carbon to nitrogen ratio. All of the above mentioned parameters showed that there is a significant difference observed on type of bedding materials used using ANOVA test. The LSD at (p < 0.05) test demonstrated that donkey manure followed by poultry droppings was more influential in worm biomass production, growth rate, total nitrogen and organic carbon content. In case of pH content of worm cast, it reveals that the optimum pH for worm growth rate is near to neutral condition. As conclusion, different types of bedding material will influence the worm growth.
Abstract: Rapid expansion of urbanization and industrialization has led to generation of huge quantities of waste materials where majority of organic waste is dumped in landfill sites, creates the organic load on the ground water, and more emissions of landfill gases. The best possible alternative to minimize these potential pollutants is through the process...
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