The Clinical and Dynamic Characteristics of Acute Psychosis Following the Use Synthetic Cannabinoids
Kekelidze Zurab Ilich,
Klimenko Tatiana Valentinovna,
Kozlov Alexandr Alexandrovich,
Shakhova Svetlana Michailovna
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2018
Pages:
95-98
Received:
16 August 2018
Accepted:
7 September 2018
Published:
23 October 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpn.20180604.11
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Abstract: The article presents the results of research into the clinical and dynamic characteristics of psychosis following the use of synthetic cannabinoids (SC). The aim of the study is a clinical-dynamic analysis of 348 psychotic conditions following the use of synthetic cannabinoids involved 173 patients. The results of the study are: we describe the stages of psychosis development and psychosis delirious, delirious-oneiroid and amentia-like clinical variants; we demonstrated that the pathokinetic patterns of psychosis following SC use are determined by a complex of clinical, biological and socio-psychological factors; we found that the severity of clinical variants of the psychosis and consciousness disorders positively correlated with psychopathological conditions accompanied by more and more severe disorders of psychic activity (affective disorders – illusions and pareidolias – hallucinations – delusions – psychic automatism – ‘motor disorders) with simultaneous gradual depletion of psychosis psychopathologic picture resulting from the narrowing spectrum of psychopathological symptoms.
Abstract: The article presents the results of research into the clinical and dynamic characteristics of psychosis following the use of synthetic cannabinoids (SC). The aim of the study is a clinical-dynamic analysis of 348 psychotic conditions following the use of synthetic cannabinoids involved 173 patients. The results of the study are: we describe the sta...
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A Comparative Study of Socio Demographic and Clinical Profiles in Patient with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder and Depression
Jaisingh Raman,
Sivabalan Elangovan,
Thirunavukarasu Manickam
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2018
Pages:
99-103
Received:
8 September 2018
Accepted:
4 October 2018
Published:
23 October 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpn.20180604.12
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Abstract: Introdution: Most often patients suffering from OCD also have depressive symptoms, which might be secondary to the OCD and its burden to the quality of life, or it might be independent to OCD. The same way Depression also has some obsessive manifestation. The presence of depressive symptoms is the important factors, which make patient with OCD as suicidal. Suicidal tendencies in OCD always correlated with severity of depressive symptoms. But in clinical settings, we most often missed to evaluate suicidal tendencies and other comorbidities of OCD. So this study mainly focuses on various socio demographic differences and clinical profiles of patient with OCD and depression. Materials and Methods: This is a case control study, 30 consecutive patients with OCD as well as 30 consecutive patients with depression, attending psychiatry department of Stanley Medical College Hospital included in this study as cases and controls. Then both cases and controls analyzed for socio demographic profile and clinical profile. RESULTS: Compared with patients with major depression, OCD patients are young (p=0.017), predominantly males (p=0.019), more educated (p=0.003) and more often associated with suicidal ideation (p=0.024) Conclusion: Obsessive-compulsive disorder most often has depressive manifestations. The comorbid depressive symptoms make patients with OCD with suicidal ideations. It is essential to look for depressive symptoms in OCD in order to prevent suicidal attempts.
Abstract: Introdution: Most often patients suffering from OCD also have depressive symptoms, which might be secondary to the OCD and its burden to the quality of life, or it might be independent to OCD. The same way Depression also has some obsessive manifestation. The presence of depressive symptoms is the important factors, which make patient with OCD as s...
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Association Study Between the Triallelic Polymorphism of SLC6A4 Gene and Eating Disorders
Beatriz Camarena,
Sandra Hernandez,
Laura Gonzalez,
Griselda Flores,
David Luna,
Alejandro Aguilar,
Alejandro Caballero
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2018
Pages:
104-107
Received:
2 October 2018
Accepted:
24 October 2018
Published:
21 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpn.20180604.13
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Abstract: The serotonin transporter is encoded by the SLC6A4 gene and has been an interesting candidate for anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). The present study analyzed the association between the triallelic model of the SLC6A4 gene and eating disorders in Mexican population. Materials and Methods: The 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism was analyzed in 458 eating disorder patients and 337 control subjects. Genotype and allele analyses were examined in 206 BN and 79 AN patients and compared with the control group. Furthermore, genotype and allele analyses were performed on AN-Spectrum (AN-R, AN-BP and AN-EDNOS) and BN-Spectrum (BN-P, BN-NP and BN-EDNOS) groups and compared with the control group. Results: Case-control analysis showed that BN patients had an increased frequency of the S/LG alleles compared to controls (c2=6.9, df=1, p=0.0088). However, no association was found between AN and the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism (c2=3.3, df=1, p=0.0654). Also, an association was observed in genotype distribution when comparing AN-spectrum and control groups (c2=10.1, df=2, p=0.0069); however, analysis of allele frequencies did not show differences after Bonferroni correction (c2=5.6, df=1, p=0.0177). Finally, analysis of BN-Spectrum showed a high frequency of S/LG alleles compared to control group (c2=7.3, df=1, p=0.007). Conclusion: The low activity alleles of the 5- HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism of the SLC6A4 gene may play a significant role in the etiology of BN subtypes in Mexican population.
Abstract: The serotonin transporter is encoded by the SLC6A4 gene and has been an interesting candidate for anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN). The present study analyzed the association between the triallelic model of the SLC6A4 gene and eating disorders in Mexican population. Materials and Methods: The 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 polymorphism was analyzed...
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Differential Effects of Insulin Resistance on Frontal Lobe Related Cognitive Function in Adolescents and Adults
Stephanie London,
Kathy Yates,
Antonio Convit
Issue:
Volume 6, Issue 4, December 2018
Pages:
108-115
Received:
13 November 2018
Accepted:
28 November 2018
Published:
21 December 2018
DOI:
10.11648/j.ajpn.20180604.14
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Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether effects of insulin resistance (IR) on frontal lobe mediated abilities differ between adolescents and middle-aged adults. These analyses included 118 adolescents aged 16-21 and 118 adults aged 45-60. IR was defined as having a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) > 3.99. These analyses focused on higher-order frontal lobe-mediated function and assessed the differential effects of IR by age group on eight targeted cognitive/functional measures. There were significant differences between adolescents who were insulin sensitive (IS) and those with IR on the Stroop interference score (Cohen’s d = 0.61) and Frontal Systems Behavior Scale (FrSBe) executive dysfunction (Cohen’s d = -1.00). Adults with and without IR did not differ on any of the selected measures. There were significant interactions between age group and IR status for the Stroop interference score (partial eta2 = 0.029) and FrSBe executive dysfunction scale (partial eta2 = 0.045). Compared to their IS peers, adolescents with IR performed significantly worse on 2/8 indices of frontal lobe function, while no frontal lobe related cognitive differences existed in the adult population. As anticipated, there was a significant age group by IR status interaction for these higher-order frontal abilities. Poor performance in these measures indicates difficulties in planning, organization and self-regulation, skills that are crucial for life-long learning and achievement of future goals. These data suggest that the still-developing brains of adolescents may render them more vulnerable to the negative effects of metabolic dysregulation than do equivalent metabolic abnormalities in adults.
Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether effects of insulin resistance (IR) on frontal lobe mediated abilities differ between adolescents and middle-aged adults. These analyses included 118 adolescents aged 16-21 and 118 adults aged 45-60. IR was defined as having a homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) > 3.99. These an...
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