Research/Technical Note
Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of the Strychnos spinosa Seeds’ Citric Acid Esters Solution
Andry Tahina Rabeharitsara*,
Marie Florence Raharimalala,
Diary Andriamanana Faharetana Tsiresy,
Baholy Robijaona,
Rakotomamonjy Pierre,
Hanitriniaina Marie Ratsimba
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, December 2023
Pages:
137-145
Received:
11 October 2023
Accepted:
28 October 2023
Published:
11 November 2023
Abstract: The Strychnos spinosa seeds contains eriocitrin and neoericitrin which were potential antioxidant molecules. In addition, it contains ursolic acid, lupeol, teraxerol and β-sitosterol which were potential anti-inflammatory molecules. These molecules were extracted from the Strychnos spinosa seeds by esterification with citric acid moles as described in the bibliography in order to synthesize the citric acid ester of Strychnos spinosa seeds. Thus, in this manuscript, the potentiality of this ester solution to be an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory was tested using the spectrophotometry UV-visible method at the wavelength respectively λ=517[nm] and λ=550[nm] according to procedures described in this manuscript. For all tests, a principal-source solution was prepared using the citric acid ester of Strychnos spinosa seeds solution and appropriate solvents; thus from this solution was prepared the solutions at different concentrations to be tested. It was noticed that the concentration ratio between the active molecules and the molecules reacting with these active molecules during the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory tests influenced the quality of the tests. Thus, it was deduced that a low ratio allowed to a better quality results during the spectrophotometer UV-visible antioxidant and anti-inflammatory tests. In consequence, the quantities of the active molecules in the citric acid ester of Strychnos spinosa seeds necessary to the fifty percent diminution of the reacting or formed chemical molecules according to the tests respectively antioxidant tests or anti-inflammatory tests noted Ic-50 were deduced and allowed to evaluate and to compare their activities.
Abstract: The Strychnos spinosa seeds contains eriocitrin and neoericitrin which were potential antioxidant molecules. In addition, it contains ursolic acid, lupeol, teraxerol and β-sitosterol which were potential anti-inflammatory molecules. These molecules were extracted from the Strychnos spinosa seeds by esterification with citric acid moles as described...
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Review Article
Quantification of Caffeine Concentration: An Electrochemical Method: A Review
Issue:
Volume 11, Issue 6, December 2023
Pages:
146-152
Received:
27 November 2023
Accepted:
13 December 2023
Published:
26 December 2023
Abstract: Caffeine is found in coffee bean and leaf, tea, coconut, soft drinks, different food items and pharmaceuticals. Concentration of caffeine found in different samples is not identical. Several conventional techniques have been developed for caffeine (CAF) determination. Due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and low detection limit, chromatographic techniques such as liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC,) and spectroscopic techniques such as mass spectroscopy (MS), near infrared ray spectroscopy (NIRs,) coupled with detectors such as photodiode array (PDA), detector, Refractive index (RI) detector, diode array detector (DA) All of these procedures, however, are sophisticated, time demanding, and need expensive equipment. In this aspect, the electrochemical technique overcomes those shortcomings due to its low cost, quick response, and use in on-site testing. It offers a number of advantages, including the fact that it requires little time, a little amount of chemicals, and does not yield complicated results. Recent breakthroughs in the electrochemical application of nanoparticle modified electrodes for caffeine detection in food, coffee bean, beverages, and medicinal formulations are discussed. As a result, the primary goal of this work is to discuss the advantages of adopting electro analytical methodologies over traditional methods for caffeine measurement using nanoparticle modified electrodes. For a multiple of advantages, electrochemical methods of caffeine quantifications are preferable.
Abstract: Caffeine is found in coffee bean and leaf, tea, coconut, soft drinks, different food items and pharmaceuticals. Concentration of caffeine found in different samples is not identical. Several conventional techniques have been developed for caffeine (CAF) determination. Due to their high sensitivity, selectivity, and low detection limit, chromatograp...
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